Spatiotemporal Assessment and Plausibility Evaluation of Power-Sector Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Banten, Indonesia, 2000–2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v7i4.3273Keywords:
EDGAR, Fossil CO₂, Power Industry, Fractional Coverage, BantenAbstract
Global gridded inventories permit subnational emissions analysis, but provincial estimates can be sensitive to boundary treatment and spatial allocation. This study assessed the temporal development and physical plausibility of power-sector fossil carbon dioxide emissions in Banten Province during 2000–2024 using the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). Twenty-five annual NetCDF files were audited and aggregated from monthly values. Provincial totals were extracted using fractional coverage, centroid inclusion, and complete intersection, then compared with capacity-based theoretical bounds and cumulative generating capacity. The audit passed all unit and aggregation checks, with a maximum relative error of 1.66 × 10⁻⁸. Fractional emissions increased from 6.55 Mt CO₂ in 2000 to 142.00 Mt CO₂ in 2024. In 2024, centroid and complete-intersection estimates were 22.5% and 35.8% higher, respectively, while one coastal cell contributed 96.1% of the fractional total. The fractional estimate was 1.80 times the theoretical upper bound of 78.88 Mt CO₂. Annual levels were strongly associated with cumulative capacity (Pearson r = 0.862; Spearman ρ = 0.969), but annual changes were not (r = −0.109). Fractional coverage is recommended as the primary extraction method, although absolute totals require cautious interpretation, explicit spatial-sensitivity reporting, and validation using complete plant-level operational data for Banten.
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