Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal)
Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal) e-ISSN: 2723-2913, p-ISSN: 2723-2905 is a scholarly publication issued quarterly, in February, May, August, and November. Its publication began in June 2020 under the Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP), University of Mataram. Articles accepted for publication may be written in either Indonesian or English, thereby providing broader opportunities for researchers to disseminate their scholarly work GeoScienceEd Journal serves as a scientific platform for the publication of research in the fields of education, science, geology, and geophysics. The scope of the journal encompasses research-based articles that address both educational studies and earth sciences. With its interdisciplinary focus, the journal contributes to the advancement of knowledge by presenting scientific findings that are relevant to the development of science and technology. All submitted manuscripts undergo a rigorous double-blind peer review process to ensure objectivity and maintain the quality of publications. Reviewers appointed by the editorial board are required to adhere to the Ethics for Reviewers in order to uphold academic integrity and ethical standards throughout the review process. Furthermore, all published works are protected under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, ensuring that authors retain copyright over their contributions.
Revitalisasi Permainan Tradisional Jambi untuk Pembelajaran Fisika Kontekstual: Kajian Efektivitas Melalui Rasch Model
Physics is often perceived as difficult and abstract because learning activities are rarely connected to students’ real-life and cultural experiences. This study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of assessment instruments using the Rasch Model, evaluate the effectiveness of a game-based physics learning module grounded in Jambi traditional games, and examine students’ motivation and responses. A quantitative Research and Development (R&D) approach based on the ADDIE model was employed involving 68 eleventh-grade science students. Data were collected through pretest–posttest assessments, motivation questionnaires, and classroom observations, then analyzed using the Rasch Model and paired-sample t-test. The findings showed high instrument quality, with person reliability ranging from 0.85–0.87 and item reliability from 0.92–0.93. Most items met the Rasch fit criteria (Infit–Outfit MNSQ 0.5–1.5), indicating valid and consistent measurement. Students’ mean scores improved significantly from 52.3 to 83.7, with a very large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.85). Rasch analysis also revealed a positive shift in students’ conceptual abilities and showed that approximately 75% of students achieved above-average motivation after the intervention. These findings indicate that integrating Jambi traditional games into physics learning effectively contextualizes abstract concepts, enhances conceptual understanding, motivation, and creates more meaningful learning experiences.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal)
Analisis Kebijakan Standar Mutu Kualitas Sarana dan Prasarana antar Wilayah
Educational facilities and infrastructure constitute one of the main pillars in achieving the improvement of national education quality. This study aims to analyze the Policy of Quality Standards for Facilities and Infrastructure Across Regions, as well as to identify various supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. Using a qualitative approach through document study and educational policy analysis methods, this case study compares the conditions at MTsN 1 Lombok Barat and MTsN 4 Lombok Barat. The results of the study indicate a gap in facilities and infrastructure across regions. MTsN 1 Lombok Barat, as a flagship madrasah, has relatively met the standards with complete and representative facilities. On the other hand, MTsN 4 Lombok Barat, as a developing madrasah, faces significant limitations in terms of laboratories, libraries, sports fields, and the utilization of educational technology. The main inhibiting factors include a lack of facilities and infrastructure, financial constraints, and suboptimal management. As a solution, the policy of "Strengthening Facilities and Infrastructure Management Based on Collaboration and Optimization of Local Resources" was selected, which is realistic, participatory, and in line with the spirit of School-Based Management (SBM).
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Siswa Madrasah Aliyah pada Materi Barisan Ditinjau Dari Self Resilience
This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ mathematical literacy skills in the topic of sequences, viewed from self-resilience. This research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest nonequivalent control group design using a 2×3 factorial arrangement. The research sample consisted of an experimental class and a control class at MA Plus Nurul Islam Sekarbela. The research instruments included a mathematical literacy test, a self-resilience questionnaire, and observation sheets. Data were analyzed using the Independent Sample t-test and two-way ANOVA. The results showed that the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model had a significant effect on students’ mathematical literacy skills. The mean posttest score of the experimental class was higher than that of the control class. Meanwhile, self-resilience did not have a significant effect on mathematical literacy skills. Similarly, there was no significant interaction between the learning model and self-resilience. However, descriptively, students who learned through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model showed higher mathematical literacy skills across all self-resilience categories compared to those in conventional learning. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model effectively improves students’ mathematical literacy skills on sequences material, while self-resilience and its interaction with the learning model do not have a significant effect.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Motorik Halus melalui Bermain Origami pada Kelompok B di TK DWP DIKPORA Ampenan
This study aimed to improve children's fine motor skills through origami play activities in Group B at DWP Dikpora Ampenan Kindergarten. The study was motivated by the insufficient development of children's fine motor skills, as reflected in their difficulties in performing directed movements such as folding paper, pressing fold lines, and coordinating hand and eye movements. To address this issue, origami play activities were implemented as an engaging and educational learning medium. This study employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design conducted in two cycles, consisting of the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The participants of this study were 17 children in Group B. Data were collected through observation and documentation and analyzed using a quantitative descriptive approach. The findings indicated a gradual improvement in children's fine motor skills across each cycle, increasing from 53.46% in the pre-cycle stage to 65.22% in Cycle I and further to 87.76% in Cycle II, which was categorized as a highly developed level of fine motor skills. Therefore, origami play activities can improve children's fine motor skills and may serve as an alternative learning activity to support fine motor development in early childhood education.
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Islamic Religious Education: The Perspective of the Qur'an, Hadith, and Maqā Sīd al-Sharī'ah in the Era of Society 5.0
Development Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the era of Society 5.0 has bring change big in the world of education , including Islamic Religious Education (PAI). The presence of AI provides opportunity For increase effectiveness , accessibility , personalization , and innovation learning through various system education digital- based . However , the integration of AI in Islamic education also presents various challenge ethics , such as risk dehumanization , shift spiritual values , algorithmic bias , AI hallucination , uncertainty epistemology of religion, as well as threat to participant data privacy and security education . Research This aim For analyze ethics the use of AI in Islamic Religious Education is based on perspective of the Qur'an, Hadith , and maqā ṣ id al- syarī' ah . Study use approach qualitative with method study bibliography and analysis descriptive-thematic . Data obtained through technique documentation from primary sources in the form of the Qur'an and Hadith as well as source secondary consisting of top 20 articles journal scientific , books academic and publication scientific publications published over a period of 2022–2026 . The literature was selected based on the criteria of relevance to the themes of AI, Islamic Religious Education, Society 5.0, digital ethics, and maqā ṣ id al-syarī'ah. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of open coding , axial coding , and selective coding to identify the main themes of the research. The results of the study indicate that Islamic ethical principles such as sincere intention, tabayyun, etiquette towards knowledge and teachers, and the practice of knowledge are important foundations in the use of AI in Islamic Religious Education. This study also found that maqā ṣ id al-syarī'ah which includes the protection of religion, intellect, life, descendants, and property can be a normative framework in the development and evaluation of AI technology. The main contribution of this study is the formulation of an AI ethics model that integrates the principles of Islamic learning ethics with maqā ṣ id al-syarī'ah as a conceptual foundation for the development of Islamic Religious Education in the era of Society 5.0. Therefore, AI needs to be positioned as a learning support tool that strengthens humanistic, spiritual, and moral values, not as a substitute for the role of educators.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis POE (Predict, Observe, Explain) pada Materi Kalor Kelas VII SMP
This study aims to develop a Predict–Observe–Explain (POE)-based Student Worksheet (LKPD) on the topic of heat. The study is limited to the subtopic of heat transfer for seventh-grade junior high school students, with the goal of creating a valid and practical tool for use in learning activities. This study employs the ADDIE development model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects included subject matter experts, media experts, science teachers, and 29 seventh-grade students at a junior high school in Jombang Regency. Data were collected through observation, interviews, validation questionnaires, and response questionnaires. The research instruments used included validation sheets, lesson implementation sheets, and student response questionnaires. The research results indicate that the POE-based worksheets achieved a validity percentage of 95.5%, classified as highly valid. The practicality results based on the lesson implementation sheets reached 91.3%, classified as highly practical, while the student response questionnaires achieved a percentage of 96.5%, classified as highly practical. The developed worksheets were found to be effective and practical in supporting learning because they helped students understand the concept of heat transfer through systematic predict, observe, and explain activities. Thus, POE-based LKPDs are suitable for use as teaching materials in science classes on the topic of heat transfer for seventh-grade junior high school students.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) dan OBE (Outcome-Based Education) di Perguruan Tinggi
This study discusses learning based on Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) and Outcome Based Education (OBE ) in higher education as a strategy for transforming higher education in Indonesia. MBKM is a policy that provides flexibility for students to gain learning experiences outside their study programs through various activities, such as internships, research, student exchanges, humanitarian projects, and entrepreneurship programs. Meanwhile, OBE is an educational approach oriented toward learning outcomes, where the entire learning process is designed to produce graduates who are competent, adaptive, and relevant to the needs of the workforce. This study aims to describe the concepts of MBKM and OBE , their implementation in higher education, as well as the advantages and challenges of their application. This study employs a systematic literature review method by analyzing 25 scientific sources published between 2019 and 2025, comprising accredited national journals indexed in Sinta 2–4, international journals indexed in Scopus and Google Scholar, as well as policy documents and official reports from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia. The literature was selected based on relevance criteria related to MBKM implementation, OBE frameworks, curriculum transformation, and graduate competency outcomes in higher education contexts. The results show that the integration of MBKM and OBE is able to create a more flexible, innovative, and student-centered learning system. In addition to improving academic competence, the implementation of these two approaches also develops students' soft skills, such as communication, collaboration, creativity, and critical thinking skills. However, their implementation still faces several challenges, including the readiness of human resources, curriculum adjustment, outcome-based evaluation systems, and limited industrial partnerships. Therefore, strengthening the curriculum, improving lecturers' competencies, and developing partnerships with various stakeholders are necessary to optimize the implementation of MBKM and OBE .
Implementasi Program Lingkar Refleksi Literasi untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Literacy programs in elementary schools tend to focus primarily on reading activities without incorporating reflective processes that can foster students’ critical thinking skills. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Literacy Reflection Circle program based on reflective journals as a strategy to strengthen the critical thinking skills of fourth-grade students at SDN 25 Mataram.This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects consisted of 20 fourth-grade students.The results indicate that the implementation of the Literacy Reflection Circle program enhances students’ engagement in literacy activities, improves their ability to express ideas logically, and increases their confidence in participating in discussions. In addition, students show improvement in understanding, analyzing, and evaluating reading texts.Therefore, this program can serve as an innovative and effective literacy learning model to improve critical thinking skills among elementary school students.
Profil Kemampuan Komunikasi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Mataram Menggunakan Presentation Skills Rubric Cornell University
Public speaking ability is a crucial interpersonal competency that must be mastered by pre-service teachers as a foundation for future classroom management. This study aims to map the academic communication skills of fifth-semester students in the Physics Education Study Program at Universitas Mataram in the course of School Administration and Management (AMS). The research employed a descriptive quantitative method using structured direct observation of 54 students. The data collection instrument was an observation sheet adapted from the Presentation Skills Rubric developed by Cornell University, which includes four dimensions: Content, Organization, Delivery, and Visual Media. The results revealed a significant performance imbalance across the assessed dimensions. Students demonstrated very strong performance in Visual Media (3.50) and Content (2.80). However, the Delivery dimension declined sharply to 2.15 (low category). As many as 59.2% of students (32 individuals) were categorized as “very poor” in eye contact due to a high dependency on reading text from slides. The theoretical and regulation-heavy characteristics of AMS course materials encouraged students to rely on reading rather than engaging in visual interaction with the audience. These findings highlight the need for methodological interventions in teaching, such as mind mapping training and the use of transparent assessment rubrics from the beginning of the semester, to better prepare competent pre-service physics teachers in pedagogical communication skills.
Efektivitas Program Serbu sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Literasi di Sekolah Dasar
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the “Serbu Literasi” Program in improving elementary school students’ literacy skills. The research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design in the form of a one-group pre-test and post-test. The subjects were 23 third-grade students of SDN 2 Labuapi. The research instruments consisted of a literacy test and an observation sheet. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a normality test as supporting analysis. The results showed an increase in the students’ average score from 66.30 in the pre-test to 85.65 in the post-test. The statistical test also indicated a significant difference between students’ abilities before and after the treatment. Thus, the Serbu Literasi Program is proven to be effective in improving elementary school students’ literacy skills. The program also enhances student engagement, reading interest, and critical thinking skills in understanding information.
Implementasi Arah Kebijakan Pendidikan Prasekolah dan Respons Orang Tua terhadap Partisipasi Anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak
The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of preschool education policy directions and parents’ responses to children's participation in kindergarten. The study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. It was conducted in one kindergarten, involving five informants consisting of one principal, two teachers, and two parents. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The validity of the data was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The results indicate that informants generally have a good understanding of the importance of preschool education, and parents’ responses to children's participation in kindergarten tend to be positive. However, the implementation of preschool education policy directions has not been fully optimal because the policy remains advisory rather than mandatory, policy communication has not reached all parents effectively, and some parents still have limited understanding of the importance of preschool education. In addition, children's participation is influenced by socioeconomic factors and limited access to educational institutions. Therefore, improving the effectiveness of policy communication and strengthening support from various stakeholders are necessary to enhance children's participation in preschool education. This study is expected to serve as a reference for strengthening the implementation of preschool education policies in Indonesia.
Evaluasi Program Paket C Menggunakan Model Evaluasi CIPP di PKBM Melati Kabupaten Enrekang
Although various studies have evaluated the Package C Program using the CIPP model, most studies focused on general aspects of program implementation and were conducted in different locations. To date, there are not many studies that specifically evaluate the Package C Program at PKBM Melati, Enrekang Regency, by comprehensively examining the context, input, process, and product aspects according to the conditions and needs of the local community. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Package C Program at PKBM Melati, Enrekang Regency using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. The Paket C Program is one of the equivalency education services intended for people who are unable to attend formal education; therefore, program evaluation is necessary to determine the level of success and identify supporting and inhibiting factors. This study employed a qualitative evaluative approach involving PKBM managers, tutors, and learners as research subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that in the context aspect, the implementation of the Paket C Program was in accordance with community needs for equivalency education services. In the input aspect, the availability of human resources, facilities, curriculum, and funding had supported program implementation although several limitations still existed. In the process aspect, learning activities had been carried out according to plan through face-to-face learning and assignments, but learner participation had not been fully optimal. In the product aspect, the program showed positive results in increasing community opportunities to obtain senior high school equivalency certificates as well as improving learners’ knowledge and skills. In general, the Paket C Program at PKBM Melati Enrekang Regency has been implemented fairly well, but improvements are still needed in facilities, learner discipline, and learning innovation.
Transformasi Pendidikan Madrasah melalui Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Kurikulum Berbasis Cinta
The transformation of madrasa education has become an important part of addressing the challenges of modern education, which are characterized by moral crises, low social empathy, and the dominance of cognitive-oriented learning. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Love-Based Curriculum (Kurikulum Berbasis Cinta/KBC) policy as an effort to transform madrasa education toward a more humanistic, religious, and character-oriented learning process for students. The research employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected from scientific journals, policy documents, books, and previous studies relevant to the implementation of the Love-Based Curriculum in madrasas. The findings reveal that the implementation of KBC has transformed the learning culture in madrasas through the strengthening of values such as compassion, empathy, tolerance, religious moderation, and reflective learning. The curriculum also shifts the educational paradigm from teacher-centered learning to a more humanistic student-centered approach. However, the implementation of the policy still faces several challenges, including limited teacher competence, insufficient training, and difficulties in evaluating students’ affective achievements. Therefore, synergy among the government, madrasas, teachers, and the community is needed to support the sustainable implementation of the Love-Based Curriculum policy.
Pengaruh Model Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif dan Hasil Belajar Biologi pada Materi Bioteknologi Siswa Kelas X MIPA SMAN 9 Makassar
This study aims to examine the effect of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model on students’ creative thinking skills and biology learning outcomes in biotechnology material for Grade X MIPA students at SMAN 9 Makassar. This quasi-experimental study used a non-equivalent control group design with class X.6 as the experimental group and class X.5 as the control group. Data were collected through pretest and posttest using essay and multiple-choice tests. The results showed an increase in creative thinking scores in the experimental class, while the control class showed minimal improvement. However, statistical analysis indicated that PjBL did not have a significant effect on both variables. Despite this, there was a descriptive tendency of improvement in the experimental class, influenced by factors such as limited time, suboptimal implementation, and low student participation. Therefore, PjBL has potential to improve learning, although its effect was not statistically significant.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Siswa Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Somatik, Auditori, Visual, Intelektual (SAVI) di Kelas V SDN Menteng Atas 14
This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of social studies students of class V-B SDN Menteng Atas 14 through the application of the Somatic, Auditory, Visual, and Intellectual (SAVI) learning model. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method. Data were collected through observation sheets, learning outcome tests, field notes, and documentation. Student learning outcomes were measured based on the percentage of students who achieved the Learning Objective Achievement Criteria with a minimum score of ≥75, while the research success indicator was determined if at least 85% of students achieved ≥75. The results showed an increase in teacher activity, student activity, and student learning outcomes from cycle I to cycle II. In cycle I, teacher activity reached 85.70% and student activity reached 76.20%, while the percentage of student learning outcome completion was 60.87%, so it had not reached the established success indicator. After the implementation of cycle II, teacher activity increased to 100%, student activity to 95.20%, and the percentage of student learning outcome completion increased to 91.30%, so it had exceeded the research success indicator. The implementation of the SAVI learning model makes the learning process more interactive and meaningful, making it easier for students to understand the material being studied. Therefore, the SAVI learning model is effective in improving elementary school students' social studies learning outcomes.
Efisiensi Platforms Digital dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Evaluasi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Kurikulum Merdeka
The transformation of information technology has shifted the evaluation paradigm from conventional written test-based models toward digital assessments that are more systematic, adaptive, and well-documented. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature review method to examine the concept of Islamic Education (PAI) evaluation, the characteristics of the Merdeka Curriculum, and the utilization models of platforms such as Google Forms, Moodle, and Quizizz in the assessment process. The findings indicate that digital platforms contribute to improving objectivity, efficiency, transparency, and the speed of feedback through automatic grading features and learning outcome data analysis. In addition, digital platforms support the implementation of formative and authentic assessments in line with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, their implementation also faces several limitations, such as the potential for academic dishonesty, disparities in technology access, limitations in measuring affective and spiritual aspects, and reduced direct pedagogical interaction. Therefore, the effectiveness of digital platforms in PAI evaluation highly depends on teachers’ competencies in designing valid instruments and managing technology while maintaining orientation toward character building and Islamic values.
Komparasi Laju Deforestasi Kabupaten Berbasis Agraris dengan Kabupaten Berbasis Industri Pertambangan di Pulau Sumbawa Periode 2017–2024
The dry tropical forests of Sumbawa Island represent critical hydrological buffers that are highly vulnerable to disturbance yet face mounting land-conversion pressure from land-based economic expansion. Sumbawa Island exhibits a contrasting dual economic structure: agrarian districts dependent on maize cultivation and an industrial district dominated by copper-gold mining. This study comparatively analyzes deforestation rates between these two groups during the 2017–2024 period to identify which economic sector exerts the greatest pressure on forest cover. A quantitative comparative method based on spatial data analysis was employed, utilizing the ESRI Land Cover 10m dataset derived from Sentinel-2 imagery for 2017 and 2024, processed using the Tabulate Area function in ArcGIS Pro under the UTM Zone 50S, WGS 84 projection system. Deforestation rates were calculated using both an absolute approach in hectares per year and a relative approach through Puyravaud's (2003) Compound Annual Rate (CAR) formula. Results indicate that all districts experienced declining tree cover throughout the study period. Dompu Regency recorded the highest deforestation rate at −3.44% per year, equivalent to 4,075 hectares per year, followed by Bima Regency at −1.21% per year, Sumbawa Regency at −0.47% per year, and West Sumbawa Regency at −0.41% per year. The mining-based district, West Sumbawa Regency, recorded the lowest deforestation rate despite possessing the largest Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). This finding confirms that economic scale does not directly correlate with deforestation intensity; rather, sectoral governance is the primary determining factor. Regulatory instruments such as reclamation obligations and Forest Area Borrowing-Use Permits have proven effective in constraining the spatial expansion of mining activities, whereas sporadic and atomistic agrarian pressure from maize farming has driven massive forest conversion along forest frontiers.
Timbunan Sampah Organik dan Potensi Emisi Metana di Nusa Tenggara Barat
The increasing generation of household organic waste has become a serious challenge in supporting low-carbon development in regions experiencing rapid population growth, such as West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB). The low level of waste management causes most organic waste to end up in Final Disposal Sites (TPA), where it undergoes anaerobic decomposition and produces methane gas (CH₄), one of the Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) with a global warming potential 28–34 times higher than carbon dioxide (CO₂). This study aims to identify the magnitude of household organic waste generation, estimate methane (CH₄) emissions produced, and analyze its implications for regional low-carbon development. The method used is descriptive analysis with secondary data sources, using households as the main unit of analysis for organic waste generation. Data were obtained from Statistics Indonesia (BPS), the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN-KLHK), NTB Low Carbon Development Planning documents (PRKBI), and the IPCC 2006 guidelines using the First Order Decay (FOD) approach. The results show that with a population of 5.73 million in NTB in 2025, household organic waste generation reaches approximately 769,489 tons/year with an estimated methane emission of ±38,474 tons CH₄/year or equivalent to ±1,077,272–1,308,116 tons CO₂e/year. The waste management rate of only 13.48% increases emissions risk from the waste sector, indicating that household organic waste management must be positioned as a strategic instrument in emission mitigation and in supporting low-carbon development in West Nusa Tenggara Province.
Model Problem Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran PAI di Sekolah, Madrasah dan Perguruan Tinggi
Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is one of the instructional models considered effective in improving the quality of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) through a contextual problem-solving approach and student-centered learning. This article aims to comprehensively analyze the concepts, theoretical foundations, characteristics, syntax, implementation, advantages, and challenges of PBL in Islamic Religious Education at schools, madrasahs, and higher education institutions. This study employed a library research method by analyzing 26 literature sources consisting of 24 scientific journal articles, one book, and one supporting document relevant to the research topic. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis techniques. The findings indicate that PBL effectively enhances students’ critical thinking skills, learning motivation, communication skills, collaboration, and problem-solving abilities. At the school and madrasah levels, PBL has been shown to increase student engagement, improve understanding of Islamic Religious Education materials, and strengthen Islamic character through discussion and the resolution of real-life problems. At the higher education level, PBL contributes to the development of scientific reasoning, academic argumentation, and the integration of Islamic values in addressing contemporary social issues. However, the implementation of PBL still faces several challenges, including teacher readiness, differences in students’ abilities, limited instructional time, curriculum demands, and inadequate learning facilities and resources. Therefore, support from various stakeholders is required to ensure the optimal and sustainable implementation of PBL in Islamic Religious Education.
Kewajiban Menuntut Ilmu: Upaya Mengembangkan dan Mengamalkan untuk Kehidupan Bermakna
This study aims to examine the concepts of the obligation to seek knowledge, the advancement of knowledge, and the application of knowledge from the perspective of Islamic teachings. The study employed a qualitative approach using the library research method. Data were collected from the Qur’an, Hadith, classical Islamic scholarly works, and relevant scientific literature, and were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings reveal that Islam positions knowledge as a fundamental element in human development and civilization, encompassing spiritual, intellectual, and social dimensions. The obligation to seek knowledge is viewed as both an individual and collective responsibility that supports personal growth and societal welfare. Furthermore, the development of knowledge in Islam emphasizes the integration of faith, reason, and ethical values, while the application of knowledge serves as a means of fulfilling religious responsibilities and contributing to the common good. The study concludes that the obligation to seek knowledge, its development, and its application constitute an interconnected framework that shapes the character, responsibility, and holistic development of Muslims.
Hidden Curriculum dalam Pendidikan Pesantren: Membentuk Keterampilan Seni Santri melalui Program Kaligrafi di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Bermi
This study examines the concept, role, and implementation of the hidden curriculum at the Darussalam Bermi Islamic Boarding School in West Lombok, and attempts to establish continuity between formal and non-formal education. Using a qualitative approach with field research, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that the hidden curriculum in Islamic boarding schools is a set of unwritten values, norms, and customs learned by students through interaction, role models, and habituation. Its role is crucial in developing students' artistic skills, independence, creativity, discipline, and responsibility. Its implementation is manifested through a calligraphy art program (limited class hours and a weekly program), independent student practice in their free time, and support from the Islamic boarding school in the form of space, facilities, and appreciation for students' work. Integrated continuity between formal and non-formal education can be achieved by consciously and deliberately managing the hidden curriculum, making character a part of students' daily lives.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament Berbantuan Media Baamboozle
This study was motivated by the low social studies achievement of fourth-grade elementary school students. The study aimed to improve student achievement through the implementation of the Teams Games Tournament learning model supported by the Baamboozle platform. This study employed the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data collection techniques were conducted through tests, observations, and documentation. The results indicate that the implementation of the Teams Games Tournament learning model supported by the Baamboozle platform can improve student learning outcomes. This is evidenced by an increase in student learning achievement from 71% in Cycle I to 84% in Cycle II. In addition, student activity during the learning process also increased, with students becoming more active, enthusiastic, and cooperative in discussions and tournaments. Thus, the Teams Games Tournament learning model supported by Baamboozle is effective in improving elementary school students’ social studies learning outcomes.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran WordWall terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi Kelas XI SMA Negeri 23 Makassar
This study aimed to determine the effect of using WordWall learning media on students’ motivation and learning outcomes in the excretory system topic among eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 23 Makassar. The study employed a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group design. The research population consisted of all Grade XI students, while the sample included Class XI Merdeka 2 as the experimental group and Class XI Merdeka 1 as the control group, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using tests, questionnaires, and documentation. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that students’ learning motivation in the experimental class was higher than that in the control class. The Mann–Whitney test yielded a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of WordWall media on students’ learning motivation. In terms of learning outcomes, the experimental class also demonstrated greater improvement than the control class, with an N-Gain score of 0.71 in the high category, while the control class obtained an N-Gain score of 0.53 in the moderate category. The independent sample t-test produced a significance value of 0.009 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of WordWall learning media on students’ learning outcomes. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of WordWall learning media has a positive and significant effect on students’ motivation and learning outcomes in the excretory system topic.
Special Facilities in Elementary School Laboratories: Characteristics and Physical Components that Support Learning
This study aims to examine specialized laboratory facilities in elementary schools, focusing on their physical characteristics and components in supporting student learning. The background of this study is based on the importance of a learning environment that is appropriate for the developmental stage of elementary school students, who are still in the concrete operational stage and therefore require learning experiences that are hands-on, contextual, and interactive. Emerging issues indicate that laboratory facilities in elementary schools are often not optimally designed, whether in terms of accessibility, simplicity, or visual appeal, and thus fail to sufficiently support student engagement in learning. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature review method. Data were obtained from various academic sources such as books, scientific journals, and educational policy documents, and were then analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify key themes related to laboratory facilities. The results of the study indicate that elementary school laboratory facilities need to be accessible, simple, functional, visually appealing, and flexible. Supporting physical components include student work areas, open storage, educational displays, exploration corners, and adequate lighting and ventilation. Well-designed facilities contribute to students’ comfort and engagement in learning, thereby playing a crucial role in creating an effective and meaningful learning environment.
Analisis Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Mumtaz dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Administrasi Sekolah di SD Integral Luqman Al-Hakim Mataram
This study was conducted because Luqman Al-Hakim Integral Elementary School has been using the in various school administrative activities, but no in-depth study has ever been conducted regarding the effectiveness of its use. However, the use of the right information system can help improve the quality of school administrative services. Therefore, this research is important to determine how the Mumtaz Information System is used and its contribution to improving the effectiveness of school administration at Integral Luqman Al-Hakim Elementary School in Mataram. This study employs a qualitative approach using the case study method. The research subjects include the school principal, school operators, teachers, parents, and students. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis utilized the Miles and Huberman model through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the Mumtaz Information System has been actively used in various school administrative activities, such as the admission of new students, payment management, student data storage, and the online dissemination of information to parents. The use of this system enhances the effectiveness of school administration by reducing data entry errors, streamlining administrative processes, and facilitating structured data access and storage. Additionally, the quality of administrative services becomes faster, more effective, efficient, accurate, and transparent. This system also offers various benefits for schools and parents, such as ease of data management, increased administrative transparency, easy access to payment information, and strengthened communication between schools and parents. Thus, the use of the Mumtaz Information System has proven capable of supporting improved school administrative effectiveness and the quality of educational services at SD Integral Luqman Al-Hakim.
Development of Oil Drops Practicum Guide Possession with Liquid Glycerol as Source of Oil Granules
This study aimed to develop a printed practicum guide for the Millikan oil drop experiment using glycerol liquid as a source of oil droplets and to determine its feasibility based on expert validation and student perceptions. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4-D development model proposed by Thiagarajan, consisting of the define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The research was conducted with 35 Physics Education students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jambi, who were enrolled in the Physics Experiment course. Data were collected through observation, interviews, validation questionnaires, and student response questionnaires. The developed practicum guide was evaluated by material and media experts using a four-point Likert scale. The material validation results showed an average score of 3.8 with a feasibility percentage of 95%, indicating a very good category. The media validation results obtained an average score of 3.5 with a feasibility percentage of 88.3%, also categorized as very good. Furthermore, student perception data showed an average score of 3.51 with a percentage of 87.96%, indicating that the practicum guide was highly accepted and considered useful for supporting independent learning. These findings demonstrate that the developed practicum guide is valid, practical, and feasible to be used as a learning resource in physics experiment courses, particularly for the Millikan oil drop experiment using glycerol liquid.
Krisis Epistemologi Pendidikan Islam di Era Modern: Systematic Literature Review tentang Dikotomi Ilmu dan Model Integrasi Keilmuan
Modernity has intensified the dichotomy between religious and general knowledge in Islamic education, leading to an epistemological crisis. This article aims to examine the historical and epistemological roots of this dichotomy, explore relevant models of knowledge integration, and formulate directions for reconstructing contemporary Islamic education. This study employs a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review design, involving an in-depth examination of relevant articles, books, and scholarly publications spanning the period from 1989 to 2026. The data were analyzed through thematic synthesis, focusing on the historical roots of dichotomy, critiques of modern epistemology, and models of knowledge integration. The findings show that the epistemological crisis in Islamic education is rooted in colonialism, the secularization of modern knowledge, dualistic educational systems, and the weakening of the tauhidic worldview. In contrast, Amin Abdullah’s integration-interconnection paradigm, bayani-burhani-irfani epistemology, the tauhidic approach, and Nasr’s idea of the desacralization of knowledge offer promising solutions. The study concludes that Islamic education requires a holistic, integrative, and transformative epistemological paradigm to respond to modern challenges without losing its spiritual and moral dimensions.
Analisis Strategi Pembelajaran IPS dalam Mengembangkan Kesadaran Sosial Siswa Sekolah Dasar
This study aims to analyze Social Studies (IPS) teaching strategies for developing social awareness among elementary school students based on research findings. This study employs a literature review (library research) using a descriptive qualitative approach. Research data were obtained from various scientific articles, national journals, and literature sources relevant to IPS learning strategies and the social awareness of elementary school students. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions regarding the findings of previous studies. The results of the study indicate that effective learning strategies for developing students’ social awareness include Project-Based Learning (PBL), cooperative learning, contextual learning, environment-based learning, group discussions, simulations, and role-playing. These strategies have been proven to enhance empathy, social concern, cooperation, responsibility, critical thinking skills, and students’ active participation in social life. Furthermore, teachers play a crucial role as facilitators in creating a participatory, collaborative, and contextual learning environment. Thus, social studies education serves not only as a means of knowledge transfer but also as a medium for character development and the cultivation of students’ social awareness. This study recommends that teachers optimize the use of active learning strategies.
Penerapan Teknik Bercerita Dua Arah (Two-Way Storytelling) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menyimak Anak Kelompok B di TK PGRI 07 Aikmel
This study aimed to improve the listening skills of Group B children at TK PGRI 07 Aikmel through the implementation of the two-way storytelling technique. The study was motivated by the low listening skills demonstrated by the children, as reflected in their limited attention during storytelling activities, difficulties in answering questions related to the story, and inadequate ability to comprehend and retell information in a sequential manner. This research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, consisting of two cycles involving planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The participants were Group B children of TK PGRI 07 Aikmel. Data were collected through observation and documentation using an assessment instrument covering attention focusing, story comprehension, question answering, relevant responses, and following sequential instructions. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative techniques, with a classical success criterion of at least 85%. The findings revealed a continuous improvement in children’s listening skills across the cycles. The percentage increased from 64.48% in the pre-cycle to 75.71% in Cycle I and reached 86.06% in Cycle II, exceeding the predetermined success criterion. These findings indicate that the implementation of the two-way storytelling technique is effective in improving the listening skills of early childhood learners. Furthermore, the study highlights the pedagogical value of interactive storytelling in promoting active participation, language development, and meaningful learning experiences among young children.
Kepemimpinan Perempuan di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer: Antara Normativitas Agama dan Tuntutan Kesetaraan Gender
Female leadership in Islamic educational institutions currently stands at a crossroads between the demands of global modernization and the resistance of traditional religious interpretations. This phenomenon triggers a long-standing debate regarding the extent to which authority can be granted to women without infringing upon the boundaries of religious normativity. This article critically examines the phenomenon of female leadership in contemporary Islamic educational institutions by analyzing the dialectical tension between historically inherited religious normativity and the growing demands for gender equality in both global and national discourses. Employing a critical-hermeneutic approach to religious texts alongside a multidisciplinary literature review, this study maps three primary arenas of debate: (1) classic fiqh interpretations versus contextual reinterpretations regarding female leadership; (2) the empirical reality of female leadership in madrasahs, pesantrens (Islamic boarding schools), and Islamic higher education institutions; and (3) the structural-cultural barriers that restrict the actualization of female leadership despite the absence of absolute theological prohibitions. The findings indicate that obstacles to female leadership in Islamic educational institutions stem predominantly from patriarchal socio-cultural constructions embedded within religious interpretations rather than from Islamic doctrine itself. The maqashid al-shari'ah approach which emphasizes justice and public interest along with the contextual hermeneutics developed by Muslim feminists such as Amina Wadud and Nasaruddin Umar, offers a robust theological foundation to legitimize female leadership. This article concludes that the transformation of female leadership in Islamic educational institutions requires simultaneous reforms: hermeneutical (recontextualization of interpretations), structural (affirmative institutional policies), and pedagogical (gender-based leadership curricula).
Efektivitas Media Representasi Visual Rantai Makanan (V-Foodchain) Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPAS Materi Ekosistem Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
This study aimed to determine how visual representation media of the food chain, V-FoodChain, improved fourth-grade students’ ability to analyze ecosystems at SDN Paseraman 1 Arjasa, Sumenep Regency. This quantitative study used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest method. The research sample consisted of 10 students selected through total sampling. The research instrument was an essay test administered before and after the treatment. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using a paired-sample t-test with SPSS. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ learning outcomes after the use of V-FoodChain media. The mean pretest score increased from 52.30 to 84.80 in the posttest, with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). The effect size was very large (d ≈ 2.2), indicating a strong practical effect. The standard deviation decreased from 16.82 to 10.27, showing more consistent learning outcomes among students. These findings indicate that V-FoodChain media is effective in improving IPAS learning outcomes on ecosystem material and supporting more consistent gains in elementary students’ abilities.
Pengaruh Media Puzzle Suku Kata terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas I SDN 24 Ampenan
This study aims to determine the influence of syllable Puzzle media on the beginning reading skills of first-grade students at SDN 24 Ampenan. This research is important to conduct because the initial reading skills of students are still low, as indicated by the fact that most students are not yet fluent in recognizing letters, reading syllables, and forming simple words. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental type using a nonequivalent control group design. The data collection technique used was testing, while data analysis was conducted thru prerequisite tests and hypothesis tests (t-test). The research results showed that there was an improvement in initial reading skills in the experimental class with an average score increase from 48 to 78.46, while the control class only increased from 52.88 to 62.85. The hypothesis test results indicated a significant effect of using syllable Puzzle media on students' initial reading skills. The conclusion of this study is that syllable Puzzle media has a positive and significant effect on improving the beginning reading skills of first-grade students at SDN 24 Ampenan, making it a viable alternative for effective and enjoyable learning media.
Persepsi Guru dalam Implementasi Pendekatan Berdiferensiasi pada Pembelajaran IPAS di Sekolah Dasar
This study aims to analyze elementary school teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of differentiated learning in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) within the Merdeka Curriculum. Differentiated learning is regarded as an approach that accommodates students’ readiness, interests, and learning profiles by adjusting learning content, processes, and products. This research employed a quantitative descriptive method using a questionnaire consisting of 40 statements measuring teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, pedagogical competence, and classroom implementation practices. The findings indicate that teachers generally hold positive perceptions regarding the importance of differentiated learning in IPAS, as it is believed to enhance student participation, strengthen inquiry skills, and accommodate diverse learning styles. However, several challenges remain, including limited time for diagnostic assessment, insufficient training on differentiation strategies, lack of adaptive learning resources, and classroom management difficulties arising from heterogeneous student abilities. These findings highlight the need for continuous support from schools and government through professional mentoring, flexible teaching resources, and strengthened teacher collaboration. The study is expected to contribute to the development of policies and instructional practices that are more responsive to students’ learning needs in elementary schools.
Pengaruh Topografi dan Vegetasi terhadap Kecepatan Angin di Daerah Pegunungan Sukabumi: Studi Observasi Lapangan
This study aims to analyze the influence of topography and vegetation on wind speed in mountainous areas. Conducted in April 2026 in Cinunjang Village, Cijulang Village, Jampang Tengah District, Sukabumi Regency, the research employed a descriptive method with direct field observation. Data were collected from three locations: a footpath surrounded by trees, a rice field area, and a residential area, using a digital anemometer and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the highest wind speed was recorded in the rice field area (1.6 m/s), while the lowest was observed on the tree-covered footpath (0.8 m/s). The residential area recorded a wind speed of 1.5 m/s. These differences were influenced by topography, vegetation density, and land openness, which affect air circulation patterns. The findings enhance understanding of how environmental conditions influence wind speed distribution in mountainous regions and provide useful information for spatial planning, disaster risk mitigation, and environmentally responsive design.
The Application of the Quantum Teaching Model with a Deep Learning Approach to Improve Students’ Problem-Solving Skills in the Topic of Static Fluids
This study aims to analyze students’ problem-solving skills through the application of the Quantum Teaching model with a deep learning approach to static fluid. The research method used is a quantitative method with a between-group design, specifically a quasi-experimental research design. The type of quasi-experimental research design used in this study is a nonequivalent control group design, in which there are two classes used, namely a control class and an experimental class. The research instrument used is a problem-solving ability instrument developed based on Polya’s indicators, consisting of three items. The data analysis employed N-Gain scores and a t-test hypothesis test, which met the prerequisites of normality and homogeneity. The results indicate that the N-Gain scores in the experimental class were higher than those in the control class, with respective values of 0.71 and 0.42. These results were supported by the t-test hypothesis test, which showed an Asyimp sig (2-tailed) value—under the assumption of unequal variances—of <0.05. This indicates a significant difference in the improvement of problem-solving skills between students in the experimental and control classes. Thus, the Quantum Teaching model with a deep learning approach can serve as an alternative for enhancing problem-solving skills students, particularly in the area of static fluids.
Dekonstruksi dan Rekonstruksi Epistemologi Pendidikan Agama Islam di Era Globalisasi
The dominance of a transmissive-doctrinal paradigm in Islamic Religious Education has increasingly demonstrated its inadequacy in responding to contemporary pressures from digital disruption and value pluralism to religious extremism. This article aims to reconstruct the epistemological foundations of Islamic Education as a response to these structural challenges. Drawing on critical library-based analysis, the study examines classical and contemporary educational thought alongside recent empirical studies in Islamic pedagogy. Data were collected through systematic documentation of scholarly literature and analyzed using content analysis and critical discourse analysis. Sources were selected based on their relevance to epistemological critique and reconstructive frameworks within Islamic education. The study identifies three structural flaws in prevailing Islamic education epistemology: the colonial-era bifurcation of religious and general knowledge; the hegemony of text-centred transmission at the expense of contextual reasoning; and the absence of a transformative-emancipatory orientation. Against these deficiencies, the study advances a four-pillar reconstructive model grounded in (1) an integrative framework bridging naqliyyah and aqliyyah traditions, (2) maqasid al-syariah teleology foregrounding the protection of intellect and social harmony, (3) a Qur'anically-rooted critical pedagogy centred on tafakkur and tadabbur, and (4) values-based multicultural education anchored in rahmatan lil 'alamin. Empirical studies indicate that Islamic education models emphasising critical thinking demonstrate higher outcomes in student moral reasoning and civic engagement. Epistemological reconstruction is therefore a non-negotiable precondition for cultivating Muslim learners who are critically literate and spiritually resilient.
Evaluasi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Perspektif Kurikulum Merdeka
Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays a crucial role in shaping students who are faithful, pious, and have noble character. However, PAI learning evaluation practices still tend to be cognitively oriented through written tests and memorization of material, resulting in less than optimal measurement of affective and psychomotor aspects, as well as the internalization of Islamic values in students' lives. Furthermore, teachers' understanding of the evaluation concept in the Independent Curriculum, particularly holistic and authentic evaluation, remains suboptimal. This situation indicates a gap between the ideal goals of PAI learning and evaluation practices implemented in the field. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the concept and implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning evaluation from the perspective of the Independent Curriculum.. This research employs a qualitative approach with a library research design. The research data were obtained through the examination of books, scientific journals, articles, and various literature sources relevant to PAI learning evaluation and the Merdeka Curriculum. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis through the stages of data condensation, data presentation, and descriptive-analytical conclusion drawing. The research results show that the concept of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning evaluation within the Independent Curriculum perspective is implemented through diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments based on the principles of student-centeredness, sustainability, flexibility, holistic, and authenticity. Its implementation serves not only as an instrument for measuring learning outcomes but also as a means of internalizing Islamic values, developing Islamic character, and strengthening students' spirituality through the comprehensive integration of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. Thus, the evaluation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning within the Independent Curriculum has a more comprehensive, humanistic, and contextual orientation in supporting the achievement of Islamic education goals.
Peran Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Menunjang Kinerja Tutor di Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Melati Kabupaten Enrekang
The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought significant changes to the education sector, including nonformal education. As a technology that can support learning planning, implementation, and evaluation, AI has the potential to enhance tutor performance and improve the quality of learning. This study aims to describe the forms of AI utilization in learning, analyze its impact on tutor performance, and identify the factors influencing its use at PKBM Melati, Enrekang Regency. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The research informants consisted of one manager and five tutors, while eight learners were involved as supporting respondents. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that AI is used by tutors to help prepare learning instruments, develop teaching materials, search for learning references, design evaluations, and support more systematic learning delivery. The use of AI improves tutors' work efficiency, streamlines learning administration, and enhances the quality of material delivery, making it more interactive and easier for learners to understand. The factors influencing AI utilization include the availability of technological facilities, institutional support, training activities, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness experienced by tutors. Therefore, the use of AI positively contributes to supporting tutor performance and improving the quality of learning at PKBM Melati, Enrekang Regency.
Pemeliharaan dan Inventarisasi Alat serta Bahan Laboratorium dalam Mendukung Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar
Maintenance of laboratory equipment and materials is a crucial activity in laboratory management, ensuring the smooth running of practicums, occupational safety, and the quality of learning and research outcomes. This study aims to examine the importance of maintaining laboratory equipment and materials, its implementation procedures, and the benefits it provides in supporting the effectiveness of laboratory activities. The research method used was library research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were obtained through a review of various literature sources, including books, scientific journal articles, official documents, and regulations related to laboratory management. Data analysis techniques included collection, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions from various relevant sources. The results indicate that laboratory equipment maintenance includes cleaning, storage, periodic inspections, calibration, and repair to maintain function and accuracy. Meanwhile, laboratory material maintenance includes labeling, storage according to material characteristics, monitoring expiration dates, and safe waste management. This study also indicates that proper maintenance plays a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of laboratory facilities, reducing the risk of equipment damage and workplace accidents, and supporting the success of practicums and research activities. Maintenance success is influenced by human resource competence, the availability of standard operating procedures (SOPs), an integrated inventory system, and adequate budget support. Therefore, implementing a planned and sustainable maintenance system is a crucial factor in creating a safe, effective, efficient, and high-quality laboratory.
Pengembangan Alat Percobaan dan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis STEM pada Materi Gelombang Bunyi (Kelintang Jolo)
This study aims to Develop experimental tools and STEM-based Student Worksheets (LKPD) on sound wave material using Arduino technology and Kelintang Jolo local wisdom for eleventh-grade high school students in Jambi Province. The 4D Development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) was employed, limited to the Develop stage. Validation involved three validators using Aiken's V formula, while practicality was measured through student response questionnaires analyzed descriptively. Results showed content validity reaching V-Aiken 0.75 (Valid) and media validity 0.72 (Valid) at Stage II. Practicality testing on 30 students at SMA Negeri 8 Jambi City yielded a mean response score of 3.19 out of 4 (Good/Practical) with Cronbach's Alpha 0.86 (Reliable). The Kelintang Jolo context and Arduino technology integration successfully enhanced the relevance and appeal of sound wave learning material. The product is declared valid and practical as an innovative physics learning medium integrating local wisdom with 21st-century technology.
Analisis Spasial Kerawanan Banjir Bandang Berdasarkan Karakteristik Fisik Wilayah Menggunakan Pendekatan SIG di Pulau Bali
The combination of complex volcanic topography and local rainfall fluctuations places Bali in a position that is quite vulnerable to flash floods. Based on these conditions, this study attempts to map the level of regional vulnerability through an approach to its physical environmental characteristics using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The method used is descriptive quantitative, relying on a series of spatial analyses—starting from classification, weighting (scoring and weighting), to overlay techniques. Slope data from DEMNAS with a spatial resolution of 8 meters and annual rainfall data from BMKG are the two main parameters in this study. From the mapping results, the Bali region is divided into three levels of vulnerability: a low zone covering 170,249.34 ha (30.45%), a medium zone which dominates at 372,112.04 ha (66.55%), and a high zone covering 16,807.95 ha (4.66%). Interestingly, areas with high levels of vulnerability are concentrated in mountainous areas such as Bangli Regency, Karangasem, and parts of Tabanan. This is triggered by the intersection of steep slopes and high-intensity rainfall. Ultimately, these findings can provide a strong foundation for designing disaster mitigation strategies and risk-based spatial planning management on the island of Bali.
Penerapan Model Problem Besed Learning pada Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak di MTS Baiturrahman NW Pemepek
This study aims to describe the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in the Aqidah Akhlak subject at MTs Baiturrahman NW Pemepek and identify its effectiveness and the obstacles encountered. The background of the study stems from the low student activity due to the dominance of lecture and memorization methods. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with observation techniques and in-depth interviews with Aqidah Akhlak teachers. The results showed that the implementation of PBL was able to change the learning pattern to be more student-centered. Some students began to show enthusiasm in discussions, but many remained passive and relied on more active friends. The resulting project products were still simple and not optimal in terms of creativity. Teacher interviews revealed a slight improvement compared to conventional methods, but students were still shy to discuss. The main obstacles included teachers' limited mastery of PBL strategies, limited time, and uneven student readiness. Thus, the implementation of PBL has not had a significant impact on student activity, but it has great potential to increase motivation and critical thinking skills if supported by teacher training and student habituation.
Analisis Fungsi Laboratorium IPA, IPS, PPKn, Bahasa, dan Seni di Sekolah Dasar
The implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in elementary schools encourages the use of a deep learning approach, which emphasizes students’ active participation in constructing knowledge through meaningful learning experiences. In this context, laboratories serve as one of the important learning facilities that support the achievement of such educational goals. This article aims to examine the various types of laboratories that can be utilized in elementary schools and to describe their functions and contributions to the implementation of deep learning. The study employed a library research method by reviewing relevant books, scientific articles, educational regulations, and other academic references. The collected data were analyzed descriptively to explain the role of each type of laboratory in the learning process. The findings reveal that elementary schools may utilize several types of laboratories, including science, social studies, civics, language, and arts laboratories. Each laboratory has its own specific function while complementing one another in fostering science process skills, critical thinking, social awareness, citizenship values, communication abilities, and creativity among students. Through laboratory-based activities, learners are provided with opportunities to gain direct, contextual, and meaningful experiences that enhance their understanding of concepts and support the goals of deep learning. Nevertheless, the effective implementation of laboratory activities remains constrained by several factors, including limited facilities, underutilization of available resources, and teachers’ capacity to manage laboratory-based learning. Therefore, greater efforts are needed to optimize the use of laboratories as an integral component of meaningful learning in elementary education.
Peran Transformasi PKBM terhadap Tingkat Literasi Sosial dan Ekonomi Masyarakat Putus Sekolah di Era Digital: Studi pada PKBM Melati Kabupaten Enrekang
The development of digital technology encourages non-formal educational institutions to transform learning to improve the community's ability to face social and economic changes. School dropouts are a group that requires strengthening social and economic literacy to be able to utilize technology productively. This study aims to analyze the transformation of the Melati Community Learning Center (PKBM) in Enrekang Regency in improving the social and economic literacy of school dropouts and identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type conducted at the Melati Community Learning Center (PKBM) in Enrekang Regency in 2026. The research instrument was the researcher herself with data sources in the form of PKBM managers, tutors, and students through interviews, observation, and documentation techniques. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model through the stages of data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity was tested through triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study indicate that digital transformation at the Melati Community Learning Center (PKBM) was carried out through the use of WhatsApp, Zoom, Google Forms, and YouTube in learning. This transformation improved students' social literacy as indicated by increased communication, active discussions, and digital interactions. In terms of economic literacy, students are beginning to utilize social media and marketplaces to promote products and engage in simple business activities. Research implications indicate that digital transformation of community-based learning (PKBM) can be a strategy for empowering dropouts, but strengthening digital facilities and competencies is necessary for optimal implementation.
Strategi Pemanfaatan Media Sosial sebagai Media Pembelajaran pada Program Kesetaraan Paket C di PKBM Melati
This study aims to explore and describe in-depth the form of social media utilization as a learning medium and its impact on the participation and learning motivation of learners in the Paket C Equivalency Program at PKBM Melati, Juppandang Village, Enrekang District. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type to uncover the subjects' experiences naturally. Data collection was carried out through technical triangulation, namely participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, involving PKBM managers, tutors, and learners selected through purposive sampling. The results showed that the use of social media, specifically the WhatsApp and YouTube platforms, has transformed into the main instruments in implementing distance learning based on a blended learning approach. WhatsApp functions as a mobile-based Learning Management System (LMS) to distribute teaching materials, manage task submissions, and facilitate asynchronous discussions. Meanwhile, YouTube is strategically used as a supporting visual reference to facilitate the independent learning styles of adult learners. The use of social media provides a highly significant positive contribution, namely offering time flexibility for learners who are predominantly active workers, encouraging a transformation towards independent learning (self-directed learning), and effectively overcoming geographical distance barriers for residents living in remote areas. The main obstacles found in the field include internet network instability due to the hilly topography, digital literacy gaps among adult learners, and the economic burden of data quota costs. However, these various obstacles were successfully mitigated through the tutors' adaptive and humanistic policies by providing flexible deadlines for task completion, as well as the innovative involvement of the learners' family members in assisting with the use of technology. In conclusion, the integration of social media has proven effective as an andragogical solution in maintaining the continuity of participation and preserving the motivation of Paket C Equivalency Program learners amidst constraints of space, time, and infrastructure.
Peran TIK dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Guru pada Proses Pembelajaran di SMA NW Mataram: A Case Study
This study aims to describe the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing teacher creativity in the learning process at SMA NW Mataram. The study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research was conducted at SMA NW Mataram during the second semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. The research participants consisted of teachers who actively utilized ICT in their teaching practices. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which includes data collection, data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation, technique triangulation, member checking, and prolonged engagement. The findings indicate that ICT plays a significant role in enhancing teacher creativity in the learning process. Teachers utilize various digital media, such as laptops, the internet, PowerPoint presentations, instructional videos, and learning applications, to create more innovative, engaging, and interactive learning experiences. The use of ICT also helps increase students’ motivation and participation in learning activities. In addition, ICT serves as a source of knowledge through computer-based learning at school and as a tool for developing students’ interests and talents. However, the implementation of ICT still faces several challenges, including limited infrastructure and facilities, differences in technological proficiency among teachers, and insufficient training in technology utilization. Therefore, school support is needed through the provision of adequate facilities and the enhancement of teachers’ digital competencies to ensure the optimal integration of ICT in the learning process.
Peran Kegiatan Praktik Berbasis Eksperimen Demonstrasi dalam Proses Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar
Practical activities are an effective learning approach to supporting the development of knowledge, skills, and attitudes in elementary school students. This article aims to examine the role of practical activities in the form of experiments and demonstrations in the learning process in elementary schools through a literature review. Data were obtained from various sources, including books, scientific journals, research articles, and educational documents relevant to the research topic. The results of the study indicate that experimental and demonstration activities play a significant role in improving students' conceptual understanding, science process skills, critical thinking skills, learning motivation, and scientific attitudes. Experimental activities provide opportunities for students to discover concepts through direct experience, while demonstrations help students understand processes or concepts that are difficult to observe independently. Furthermore, both methods can create more active, engaging, and meaningful learning, in accordance with the developmental characteristics of elementary school students who are still at the concrete operational stage. Therefore, the implementation of practical activities in learning needs to be continuously developed as part of a student-centered learning strategy.
Implementasi Absensi Berbasis Digital untuk Meningkatkan Disiplin Siswa di SMPN 1 Praya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
The development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has encouraged schools to improve their administrative systems, including student attendance management. This study aims to describe the implementation of a digital attendance system in enhancing student discipline at SMPN 1 Praya, Central Lombok Regency. The research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, teachers, and students as research informants. The findings reveal that the barcode-based digital attendance system effectively improves student discipline, particularly in terms of punctuality, compliance with school regulations, and responsibility for participating in learning activities until completion. The system is implemented through arrival attendance before 07:15 AM (WITA) and departure attendance at 01:15 PM (WITA). Furthermore, the use of manual attendance as an additional verification mechanism enhances the accuracy and accountability of attendance records. Although several challenges remain, including network disruptions, system errors, and attempts at student misconduct, the school addresses these issues through direct supervision, disciplinary sanctions, and periodic evaluations. Therefore, the digital attendance system can be considered an effective innovation for improving student discipline and enhancing school attendance administration.
Silver Nanowire Transparent Conductive Film Prepared by Spin Coating: Correlating Network Morphology with Optical and Electrical Properties
In this study, silver nanowires (AgNWs) were synthesized through the polyol process and subsequently deposited onto glass substrates by a spin-coating technique to fabricate transparent conductive films. The morphology, optical properties, and electrical performance of the resulting films were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–Vis spectrophotometry, and sheet resistance measurements. SEM observations confirmed the successful formation of AgNWs with an average diameter of 332 nm and a length of 28 µm. After film deposition, the AgNWs formed a dense and interconnected network with average dimensions of 178 nm in diameter and 12 µm in length. Optical characterization revealed a transmittance of 86.6% at 550 nm, indicating high transparency in the visible region. Electrical measurements showed a low sheet resistance of 3.3 Ω/sq, indicating good electrical conductivity of the fabricated film. The observed combination of high transmittance and low sheet resistance is attributed to the interconnected AgNW network morphology, in which numerous nanowire junctions provide effective electron transport pathways while the open regions between neighboring nanowires allow efficient light transmission. This correlation between network morphology and the resulting optical and electrical properties suggests that the fabricated AgNW film possesses characteristics suitable for transparent conductive electrode applications.
Pengembangan Media Jam Bunga Matahari (Jambuhari) pada Materi Membaca dan Menentukan Arah Jarum Jam Kelas 2 SD
This study aims to develop a Sunflower Clock learning media for teaching second-grade elementary school students how to read and determine the direction of clock hands at SDN Timuk Gawah. The development of this learning media was motivated by the lack of student enthusiasm and participation in learning activities due to the limited availability of instructional media. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The study involved 20 second-grade students and one teacher, including 5 students in the small-group trial and 15 students along with one teacher in the large-group trial. Data were collected using questionnaires. The results of the study produced a valid and practical Sunflower Clock learning media. Based on the media expert validation, the learning media achieved a validity score of 80%, while the material expert validation yielded a score of 92.8%. Furthermore, the results of both small-group and large-group trials, involving teacher and student responses, indicated that the Sunflower Clock learning media falls into the practical category, with an average score of 88.4%.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pop-up Book Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Suku Sasambo terhadap Hasil Belajar IPAS Siswa Kelas IV di SDN 32 Cakranegara
This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students in science and the limited use of innovative and contextual learning media in elementary schools. In addition, the potential of SASAMBO local wisdom as a learning resource that can make learning more contextual and meaningful has not been optimally utilized in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of Pop-up book media based on Sasambo local wisdom on the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students in Sdn 32 Cakranegara. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design and an unequal control group design. The research population is all 56 fourth-grade students in Sdn 32 Cakranegara, consisting of 28 students in each class: Class IV A as the experimental class and Class IV B as the control class. The sampling technique uses saturated sampling. The research instrument consists of pre-test and post-test questions, as well as an observation sheet for learning implementation. Data analysis using normality test, homogeneity test, independent sample t-test, and effect size test using SPSS version 25 for Windows. The results showed that the average pre-test score for the experimental class was 56.9 and increased to 94.4 in the post-test. Meanwhile, the control class obtained an average pre-test score of 54.4 and a post-test score of 79.0. The results of the independent sample t-test showed a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. This indicates a significant effect of the use of pop-up book media based on Sasambo local wisdom on the science learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at Sdn 32 Cakranegara. The calculation of the effect size using Cohen's D also showed a large category, which indicates that pop-up book media has a strong influence in improving student learning outcomes. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the use of pop-up book media based on Sasambo local wisdom is effective in improving the science learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at Sdn 32 Cakranegara.
Model Project Based Learning (PjBL) Berbantuan Media Game Biosentence Challenge untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Murid Kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 26 Makassar
This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 26 Makassar in the subject of biotechnology through the implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model aided by the Biosentence Challenge game. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in three cycles, each consisting of one session, covering the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The Biosentence Challenge game is a word-building game designed to form sentences relevant to biotechnology concepts. A practical activity involving the production of sweet potato tapai was integrated as a real-world project into the learning process. Data collection instruments included a pretest, formative tests at the end of each cycle, and a posttest following the third cycle. The research results showed a significant improvement in learning outcomes, marked by an increase in the average formative test score from 72.4 in Cycle I to 83.8 in Cycle II, and 98.3 in Cycle III. A comparison of the pretest (77.7) and posttest (93.35) scores revealed an increase of 15.65 points. The class N-gain analysis was 0.67 (moderate category) with 11 students in the high category, and the analysis by indicator showed the highest improvement in C3 (Applying) with an N-gain of 0.70 and C4 (Analyzing) with an N-gain of 0.71. The implementation of the game-assisted PjBL model proved capable of optimally improving students’ motivation, active engagement, and conceptual understanding of biotechnology material.
Identifikasi Potensi Akuifer Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Resistivitas Konfigurasi Wenner di Kelurahan Betungan, Kota Bengkulu
Groundwater is an important water resource for meeting community water demands. Information regarding subsurface characteristics and aquifer occurrence is essential for assessing groundwater potential in a given area. This study aims to identify subsurface layer characteristics and determine zones with potential as aquifers in Raflesia Asri Housing Estate, Betungan Village, Selebar District, Bengkulu City. The research employed the two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity method using the Wenner configuration. The measured data were processed using Res2DINV software to obtain a subsurface resistivity distribution model. The inversion results indicate resistivity values ranging from 1.52 Ωm to 317 Ωm, with an investigation depth of approximately 43 m. Low-resistivity zones (1.52–15.0 Ωm) are interpreted as clay and silt layers, whereas moderate-resistivity zones (15.0–69.0 Ωm) are interpreted as clayey sand to water-saturated sand, which are considered potential aquifer layers. High-resistivity zones (>69.0–317 Ωm) are interpreted as gravelly sand and weathered rock. The dominance of moderate-resistivity zones in the inverted resistivity sections indicates the presence of potential aquifers that may serve as groundwater resources in the study area.
Analisis Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah di Sekolah Dasar
This study aims to analyze the implementation of academic supervision by elementary school principals in improving the quality of learning. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach and was conducted at SD 2 Rumak, West Lombok Regency, during the second semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. The research subjects consisted of the principal, classroom teachers, and subject teachers selected through purposive sampling based on their involvement in academic supervision activities. Data collection techniques included participant observation, structured interviews, and documentation, with data analysis using the Miles and Huberman model, which encompasses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of academic supervision has proceeded systematically through the stages of planning, implementation, feedback, and follow-up. Planning is carried out in a participatory manner involving teachers, while supervision is conducted through direct classroom observation using clear assessment tools. Feedback is provided constructively and followed up with guidance and follow-up supervision. Academic supervision has a positive impact on improving the quality of learning, such as the use of more varied methods, more effective classroom management, and increased teacher-student interaction. The findings reveal that academic supervision contributes to improving teachers' instructional practices, particularly in the use of varied teaching methods, classroom management, and teacher–student interaction. Constructive feedback and systematic follow-up were also found to play an important role in improving learning quality. However, the implementation of supervision still faces challenges, such as time constraints, scheduling conflicts, and differences in teacher readiness. Therefore, strengthening the management of supervision is necessary to ensure it is more optimal and sustainable.
Analisis Korelasi antara Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Miskonsepsi pada Materi Fluida Statis
Misconceptions in physics learning can hinder students conceptual understanding and affect their ability to solve problems effectively. Therefore, investigating the relationship between misconceptions and problem-solving ability is important to provide information for improving physics learning, particularly in static fluid concepts. This study aims to analyze the correlation between students’ problem-solving ability and misconceptions in static fluid material. The study employed a quantitative correlational design involving 31 students of class XI MIPA at a senior high school in Bandung. The sampling technique used was total sampling. Data were collected using a misconception test consisting of 10 two-tier multiple-choice questions and a problem-solving ability test consisting of 10 essay questions. Data analysis was conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and Spearman’s rho correlation test. The normality test results indicated that both misconception and problem-solving ability data were not normally distributed (p < 0.05). Therefore, the Spearman correlation test was employed. The results showed a correlation coefficient of 0.291 with a significance value of 0.090 (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that there is a positive but statistically insignificant correlation between misconceptions and problem-solving ability. The correlation level is categorized as weak. Therefore, misconceptions do not significantly affect students’ problem-solving ability in static fluid material.
Peran Transformasi Digital dalam Peningkatan Nilai Ekonomi Produk PKBM Rizki Amalia, Desa Buntu Sarong, Kecamatan Masalle
Digital transformation is a crucial need in the economic development of rural communities because it can expand market access, increase product competitiveness, and encourage business innovation based on local potential. However, the use of digital technology by coffee entrepreneurs in Buntu Sarong Village, Masalle District, is still not optimal, so the role of community empowerment institutions is needed to support the digitalization process. This study aims to describe the application of digital transformation in increasing the economic value of local coffee products, analyze the role of PKBM Rizki Amalia in supporting the process, and identify supporting and inhibiting factors that influence its success. This research is expected to provide benefits for the development of studies on non-formal education, community empowerment, and the digital economy based on local potential. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design conducted at PKBM Rizki Amalia Buntu Sarong Village, Masalle District, Enrekang Regency in 2026. The main research instrument is the researcher with supporting instruments in the form of interview guidelines, observation, and documentation. Data sources consist of primary and secondary data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was tested through triangulation of sources, techniques, and time. The results of the study indicate that digital transformation through the use of social media, improved product packaging, and the use of production technology can expand marketing reach and increase the economic value of local coffee. Supporting factors include PKBM training, internet access, and community motivation, while inhibiting factors include limited digital literacy and technological facilities. The implications of this study indicate that PKBM plays a strategic role as an agent of community empowerment in encouraging sustainable digital transformation to improve the economic welfare of rural communities.
Pengaruh Status Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga dan Teman Sebaya terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Jurusan Manajemen Perkantoran SMK PGRI 2 Sidoarjo
This study will be examining the effect of family socio-economic status and peer group on students' learning achievement in the Office Management in SMK PGRI 2 Sidoarjo. This study utilized a quantitative method, adopting an associative research design. The study population was 221 students, but 142 respondents were chosen as samples by employing purposive sampling and Slovin formula with 5% error rate. The data collection instrument used was a structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale that was then analyzed through multiple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination using IBM SPSS Statistics software. It is observed from the results that the family socio-economic status had a significant effect on students' learning achievement with a significance value of 0.000 and t-value of 4.656. The peer group also had a significant effect with a significance value of 0.000 and t-value of 7.154. Both the variables had a simultaneous significant effect on learning achievement with an F-value of 120.055 and significance value of 0.000. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.633 implied that the two variables contribute to 63.3% to the students' learning achievement. The findings contribute to efforts to improve vocational students’ academic achievement by providing empirical evidence for schools, teachers, and parents to strengthen family support and promote positive peer environments that encourage learning motivation and academic success.
Integrasi MATLAB dalam E-Modul Fisika Statistik Berbasis Heyzine Flipbook: Persepsi Mahasiswa terhadap Bahan Ajar Interaktif
Statistical physics is one of the courses that contains abstract concepts and complex mathematical representations, requiring teaching materials that can support students' conceptual understanding through visualization and simulation. This study aims to develop a statistical physics electronic module based on Heyzine Flipbook assisted by Matlab and to determine students' perceptions of its use on the topics of distribution functions and statistical interpretation of entropy. This study employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the 4D development model, which consists of the define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The research subjects were 23 students of the Physics Education Study Program who had completed the statistical physics course. Data were collected through media expert validation sheets, material expert validation sheets, and student perception questionnaires. The results of media expert validation obtained a percentage of 85.53% in the very good category, while material expert validation obtained a percentage of 100% in the very good category. Student perceptions yielded an average score of 3.3 with a percentage of 84%, which was categorized as very good. The developed e-module integrates learning materials, graphical visualization, and Matlab-based simulations to support the presentation of statistical physics concepts. The findings show that the e-module is feasible for use as a digital teaching material and can support students in understanding the relationship between mathematical representations and the physical interpretation of statistical physics concepts. Therefore, the Heyzine Flipbook-based statistical physics e-module assisted by Matlab can be used as an alternative digital teaching material in statistical physics learning.
Hubungan Kecerdasan Naturalis dan Sikap Peduli Lingkungan terhadap Pemahaman Materi Ekosistem Siswa Kelas X di MAN 1 Makassar
This study aims to determine the relationship between naturalist intelligence and environmental awareness towards the understanding of ecosystem material of grade X students at MAN 1 Makassar. The study used a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The research sample was determined through a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a naturalist intelligence questionnaire, an environmental awareness attitude questionnaire, and an ecosystem material understanding test. Data analysis was carried out using correlation tests and multiple regression. The results of the study showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between naturalist intelligence and the understanding of ecosystem material, as well as between environmental awareness and the understanding of ecosystem material. In addition, simultaneously naturalist intelligence and environmental awareness attitudes also had a significant relationship towards students' understanding of ecosystem material. The conclusion of this study shows that increasing naturalist intelligence and environmental awareness attitudes contributed to improving the understanding of ecosystem material of grade X students.
Alih Fungsi Lahan Gambut dan Cadangan Karbon di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau: Tinjauan Literatur dalam Perspektif Ekoteologi Islam
Peatland ecosystems represent the largest terrestrial reservoirs of organic carbon and possess exceptionally high ecological and climatological value. However, they are also among the most vulnerable ecosystems to land-use conversion pressures. This literature study aims to comprehensively examine how peatland conversion—including oil palm plantation expansion, agriculture, settlements, and drainage canal development—contributes to the decline of carbon stocks in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan, from the perspective of Islamic ecotheology. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with thematic analysis of 25 scientific literature sources covering aspects of peatland physical and chemical degradation, CO₂ emission dynamics, peat fires, hydrological function decline, and Islamic theological values related to environmental management. The findings indicate that extensive peatland conversion accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, releases substantial carbon reserves into the atmosphere, and increases the frequency of peatland fires. Case studies from the Kahayan–Sebangau Peat Hydrological Unit, Kanamit Barat Village, and Taruna Jaya Village provide strong evidence that drainage development exceeding the natural recovery capacity of peatlands leads to severe ecological degradation and ultimately transforms peatlands into net carbon emission sources. On the other hand, mitigation approaches such as peat hydrological restoration, revegetation with native species, rewetting programs, and community-based peatland management have proven effective in reducing the rate of degradation. From the perspective of Islamic ecotheology, peatland degradation contradicts the principles of khalifah fil ardh (stewardship of the Earth), amanah (trust), mizan (balance), and the prohibition of fasad fil ardh (environmental destruction). This literature review concludes that safeguarding peatland ecosystems in Pulang Pisau Regency requires strengthening cross-sectoral regulations, implementing continuous ecological monitoring, and integrating Islamic values as a moral foundation in all peatland management policies within the region.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Kartu Kata Bergambar terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas I SDN 16 Mataram
This study was motivated by the low early reading ability of first-grade students at SDN 16 Mataram, where 56.25% of students were still limited to letter recognition and syllable reading due to the use of monotonous learning media. The purpose of the study was to measure the effect of picture word card media on early reading ability. A quantitative approach was used with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design, involving all 17 first-grade students as a saturated sample. The instrument consisted of a performance test covering four indicators: letter recognition, syllables into words, words into simple sentences, and fluency and clarity of voice. Data were analyzed using Paired Sample T-Test via SPSS 27.0. The results showed an increase in the mean score from 40.93 (pretest) to 67.74 (posttest), with a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05, thus H₀ was rejected and H₁ was accepted. It is concluded that there is a significant effect of using picture word card media on the early reading ability of first-grade students at SDN 16 Mataram.
Rekonstruksi Konsep Tazkiyatun Nafs Al-Ghazali dalam Bingkai Psikologi Positif: Studi Literasi Upaya Mitigasi Krisis Mental Siswa di Era Digital
The mental health crisis of students in the digital era is a pressing issue that cannot be approached solely through a secular clinical psychology approach. This study aims to reconstruct Al-Ghazali's concept of tazkiyatun nafs within the framework of positive psychology as an integrative conceptual framework for mitigating the mental crisis of students in the digital era. The method used is library research with a reconstructive-integrative design, through four analytical techniques: content analysis, comparative analysis, hermeneutic analysis, and conceptual synthesis. Primary sources include Al-Ghazali's works, especially Iḥyāʼ ʿulūm al-dīn, as well as the works of Martin E. P. Seligman as a representation of positive psychology. The results of the study show three main findings. First, Al-Ghazali's concept of tazkiyatun nafs, which encompasses four dimensions of the soul (qalb, rūh, nafs, aql) and three stages of purification (takhalli, taḥallī, tajallī), constitutes a comprehensive psychospiritual development system and corresponds to contemporary neuroscience findings. Second, there are substantial points of convergence between tazkiyatun nafs and Seligman's PERMA model: the takhalli stage corresponds to the Positive Emotions and Engagement elements; the taḥallī stage has a structural parallel with the Character Strengths classification in the VIA framework; and the tajallī stage goes beyond the Meaning element by adding a transcendent dimension. Third, this study formulates an Integrative Conceptual Framework of Tazkiyatun Nafs–Positive Psychology (TKPP) consisting of three layers: spiritual-value foundation, PERMA-based psychological operations, and practical-pedagogical that translates the stages of tazkiyatun nafs into structured educational intervention phases. The TKPP framework is both scientifically grounded and spiritually rooted, relevant as a basis for developing Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curricula, Islamic guidance and counseling, and national education policies in response to students' mental health crises in the digital era.
The Strategic Role of Laboratory Management in Improving Quality of Science Learning in Elementary Schools
Laboratory management is a fundamental component in the effective and quality implementation of science learning in elementary schools. This study aims to systematically examine the strategic role of laboratory management in improving the quality of science learning in elementary schools through a literature review approach. The method used is a systematic literature review of 35 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2024 from various reputable national and international journals. The results of the study indicate that good laboratory management encompasses four main dimensions: (1) management of laboratory facilities and infrastructure, (2) occupational health and safety management, (3) laboratory administration management, and (4) competency development of teachers and laboratory staff. These four dimensions have been proven to significantly contribute to improving the quality of science learning, as indicated by increased student learning motivation, scientific thinking skills, and learning outcomes. This study recommends the need for systematic policies from educational units and local governments in strengthening the governance of elementary school laboratories as a strategic effort to improve the quality of science education.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa: Literature Review
Critical thinking is an essential 21st-century skill in science and biology education. However, students’ critical thinking skills are often still relatively low due to learning processes that are less focused on investigation and active problem-solving. Inquiry learning has been widely implemented as an approach that encourages students to ac-tively construct knowledge and develop higher-order thinking skills. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the inquiry learning model on students’ critical thinking skills through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Articles were collected from Google Scholar using the Publish or Perish application, covering publications from 2022 to 2026. A total of 20 articles that met the inclusion cri-teria were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the inquiry learning model had a positive impact on students’ critical thinking skills at elementary, junior high, and senior high school levels. The most widely used form was guided inquiry, which effec-tively improved critical thinking through observation, investigation, experimentation, data analysis, and conclusion drawing. In addition, the model enhanced science process skills, collaboration, and student engagement in learning.
Efektivitas Standar Operasional Prosedur Laboratorium dalam Pembiasaan Perilaku Positif Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Character building from an early age represents a pivotal focus within primary education curricula. This study examines the efficacy of implementing school laboratory Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) as a structural stimulus to condition positive student behaviors, including discipline, accountability, hygiene, and integrity. Utilizing a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design, this paper analyzes the transition of written SOP regulations into automated habits (habituation). This analysis is framed through the integration of Thomas Lickona’s character development framework and B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning theory. The field results demonstrate that the consistent enforcement of laboratory regulations significantly reduces the frequency of student indiscipline. The primary determinants of successful internalisation include the assertiveness of teacher enforcement, the availability of representative facilities, teacher modeling, and cohesive monitoring collaboration between schools and parents. This study recommends restructuring conventional SOP formats into child-friendly visual media and integrating a system of positive reinforcement to cultivate intrinsic compliance among elementary school students.
Efektivitas Discovery Learning Terintegrasi Kearifan Lokal Genteng Karang Penang terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Materi Suhu dan Kalor
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Discovery Learning integrated with Karang Penang brick making local wisdom in improving junior high school students' critical thinking skills on temperature and heat topics. This pre-experimental study used a one group pretest posttest design involving 27 students. Data were collected through a validated critical thinking skills test, learning implementation observation sheets, and student response questionnaires, then analyzed using N-Gain and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests. The results showed that learning implementation was excellent (83,33%) and student responses were highly positive (89.72%). The improvement in students' critical thinking skills was in the medium category with an N-Gain score of 0.5602. This indicates that developing a Discovery Learning based instructional tool integrated with Karang Penang local wisdom provides a positive contribution to improving students' critical thinking skills. The Wilcoxon test indicated a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (p < 0.05). In conclusion, implementing Discovery Learning integrated with Karang Penang local wisdom effectively improves students' critical thinking skills.
Antara Ilmu dan Algoritma: Etika Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah
The penetration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Islamic educational systems necessitates an in-depth ethical inquiry. This article aims to analyze the ethical implications of AI use in Islamic education through the Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah framework as a comprehensive Islamic normative value system. Employing a qualitative-analytical approach based on library research, this article maps the potential and threats of AI against the five fundamental elements of maqāṣid. Findings indicate that while AI holds considerable promise in enhancing accessibility and personalized learning within madrasahs and Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), it simultaneously poses serious risks, including the erosion of theological authority, cognitive dependency, and digital inequity. To address these issues, this article contributes to the existing literature by establishing a novel, actionable ethical framework consisting of seven maqāṣid-based principles that bridge normative Islamic values with algorithmic practices. Practical implications in the form of policy recommendations for Islamic educational institutions, governments, and technology developers are also presented to ensure a balanced, maṣlaḥah-oriented AI governance in Islamic pedagogy.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran PIMCA untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Peserta Didik SMA pada Materi Kalor
Problem-solving skills are one of the most important skills for students to possess; however, their proficiency in this area remains low, necessitating a learning model that actively engages students and fosters a strong conceptual understanding. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the PIMCA learning model in improving problem-solving skills in heat-related material. A quantitative approach was used with a quasi-experimental design. The sample in this study was determined using convenience sampling, while data on problem-solving skills were collected through tests and analyzed using N-Gain, hypothesis testing in the form of an independent samples t-test, and effect size calculations. The analysis results show that the average N-Gain score for problem-solving skills among students in the experimental class was 0.59, which is higher than that of the control class, which was only 0.43. The results of the independent samples t-test yielded a significance value of < 0.001, indicating a significant difference in the improvement of problem-solving skills. Furthermore, the effect size calculation yielded a value of 1.4, which falls into the high category. Thus, the PIMCA model has a positive impact on students’ problem-solving skills regarding heat-related material. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the PIMCA model can serve as an alternative instructional model to enhance students’ problem-solving skills.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pengelolaan Kurikulum oleh Tenaga Pendidik di SMKN 1 Bandung Tulungagung
Principal leadership is a crucial factor determining educational success, but the phenomenon of authoritarian leadership cases indicates a gap between formal roles and effectiveness in the field, especially in relation to curriculum management. This study aims to examine in depth the leadership style of the Principal at SMK Negeri 1 Bandung Tulungagung and its implications for improving the curriculum management capabilities of educators. This study also aims to identify the leadership style and describe the curriculum management carried out by educators. This study adopted a qualitative approach with a focused case study type, where the researcher acted as the main instrument at the research site. Primary data sources involved the Principal, the Vice Principal for Curriculum, and educators. Data were collected using triangulation techniques (participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies) and analyzed interactively using the Miles and Huberman model. The results of the study confirm that leadership effectiveness lies in an adaptive and multifaceted approach that simultaneously integrates the roles of educator, leader, manager, motivator, administrator, innovator, and supervisor. The principal implemented instrument differentiation: transactional aspects (rewards and punishments) were directed at managing behavior and discipline directly tied to curriculum implementation, while transformational aspects (training/internships) were directed at improving technical competency. This success was supported by the supervisor's role through classroom visits that ensured the internalization of new knowledge into actual practice. This finding is significant because it offers a validated applied model for vocational school management, demonstrating that the effectiveness of curriculum management depends on the flexibility and comprehensiveness of the leader's managerial role.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dengan Pendekatan Deep Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah pada Materi Termodinamika
Problem-solving skills (PSS) are one of the key competencies students need to meet the demands of the 21st century; however, field observations indicate that students’ PSS remain low, particularly in thermodynamics. This study aims to improve students’ PSS through the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model with a Deep Learning approach. The method used is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design, specifically a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design, involving 59 11th-grade science students at a public high school in Subang Regency, divided into an experimental class (PBL with Deep Learning) and a control class (PBL only). The instrument consisted of 22 PBL essay test questions based on five aspects according to Heller, namely focus on the problem, describe the physics, plan a solution, execute the plan, and evaluate the answer. The results showed that both classes experienced an increase in PBL skills, with an N-Gain of 0.47 for the experimental class and 0.35 for the control class (both in the moderate category). The Mann-Whitney U test showed an Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) < 0.001, indicating a significant difference between the two classes. These results prove that PBM with a Deep Learning approach is more effective in addressing students’ low KPM in thermodynamics material compared to PBM alone.
Implementasi Nilai Keislaman dalam Upaya Pembentukan Karakter Religius di Panti Asuhan Ridha Muhammadiyah Enrekang
This research is motivated by the importance of foster children's religious character formation through the application of Islamic values in the orphanage environment as a religious-based social educational institution. This study aims to determine the implementation of Islamic values, the role of caregivers, and their impact on the formation of religious character in foster children at the Ridha Muhammadiyah Enrekang Orphanage. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research was conducted at the Ridha Muhammadiyah Enrekang Orphanage with research subjects including managers, caregivers, foster children, and alumni of the orphanage. Research data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model through the stages of data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The validity of the data was tested through triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Islamic values is carried out through habituation of worship, moral development, providing advice, and exemplary behavior of caregivers. This application has an impact on improving the discipline of worship, responsibility, independence, and social behavior of foster children. The implications of this research indicate that Islamic value-based parenting patterns can be an effective strategy in shaping the religious character of children in social welfare institutions.
Karakteristik Batuan Pra-Tersier dan Tersier Berdasarkan Metode Petrografi Studi Kasus pada Daerah Muaro Sijunjung, dan Sekitarnya, Kabupaten Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat
The Muaro Sijunjung area and its surroundings, Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra, have complex geological conditions due to the influence of tectonic, magmatic, and sedimentary processes that have occurred from the Pre-Tertiary to the Tertiary periods. This study aims to identify the characteristics of Pre-Tertiary and Tertiary rocks based on petrographic analysis to understand their mineralogical composition, texture, and formation processes. The research method involved petrographic observation of thin sections using a polarizing microscope with parallel and crossed nicols. The analyzed samples were sourced from the Kuantan Formation (Pckl), Granite Intrusion (Tgr), Sawahtambang Formation (Tost), and Ombilin Formation (Tmo). Analysis results indicate that the Kuantan Formation consists of crystalline limestone classified as Dismicrite Mudstone, while the Granite Intrusion comprises Monzo-Granite and Syeno-Granite. The Sawahtambang Formation is dominated by non-carbonate sandstone classified as Sublitharenite Arkose, while the Ombilin Formation consists of carbonate sandstone and carbonate mudstone, classified as Lithic Wacke and Mudrock, respectively. The observed mineralogical and textural characteristics indicate the influence of diagenetic, sedimentary, magmatic, and alteration processes on each rock unit. The research results indicate that the geological evolution of the Muaro Sijunjung area is controlled by the interaction of sedimentary processes, magmatic intrusions, and tectonic activity that occurred from the Pre-Tertiary to the Tertiary periods.
Kit Robot Pendeteksi Gas Berbasis Project Based Learning: Analisis Kelayakan dan Persepsi Mahasiswa
Sensor and microcontroller materials in the Advanced Electronics course are essential for developing automation-based technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and robotics. However, learning in this course is often constrained by limited practical media, as instruction tends to be dominated by theory without adequate hands-on support, making it difficult for students to connect concepts with real-world applications. This study aims to analyze the feasibility and students' perceptions of a gas detection robot kit based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) for sensor and microcontroller materials. The research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the 4D model. The robot kit was developed using an Arduino Uno integrated with gas, ultrasonic, infrared, and Bluetooth sensors. Accompanying this, a learning module was structured following the PjBL syntax. Expert validation results indicated that the robot kit obtained feasibility scores of 100% and 96% from two validators, categorized as "Very Feasible." Meanwhile, the module's feasibility increased from 86% and 89% in stage I to 91% and 98% in stage II. Furthermore, a perception questionnaire distributed to 22 students yielded a positive response with a percentage of 83%, categorized as "Very Good." In conclusion, the gas detection robot kit and the PjBL-based module are highly feasible and well-received as learning media.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran RADEC (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create) terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa pada Materi Fluida Statis di Kelas XI SMA Negeri 5 Binjai
Study objectives included identifying the relationship between and improvements to students' problem-solving abilities and learning outcomes in static fluid material after using the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create (RADEC) learning model, and analyzing the model's effect on these two variables. Using a control group design with pre- and post-tests, this study was quasi-experimental. The research included all eight classes of students in Grade XI at SMA Negeri 5 Binjai. The research samples were divided into two groups according to the results of a basic random sampling procedure. Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create (RADEC) was the learning methodology used in Class XI Science 1 while conventional learning was used in Class The experimental group's average pre- and post-test scores for learning outcomes were 45.91 and 79.70, respectively, whereas the control group's average scores were 44.85 and 62.42. Students' problem-solving abilities were averaged out in the experimental class at 78.06 on the posttest and 44.67 on the pretest, compared to 68.30 in the control class. Analyzes such as MANOVA, N-gain, and correlation tests were applied to the data. Results showed that when compared to traditional methods of instruction, the RADEC learning model significantly improved students' capacity to understand and solve problems. The experimental group also outperformed the control group in terms of the N-gain measures used to measure improvements in learning outcomes and problem-solving abilities. Students' problem-solving skills were positively correlated with their learning outcomes, according to the results of the correlation test.