Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan DeFT E-Worksheet untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah pada Materi Fluida Statis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v7i3.2357Keywords:
Problem Based Learning, E-Worksheet, DeFT E-Worksheet, LKPD, Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah, Fluida StatisAbstract
The topic of static fluids requires students to understand concepts in the context of everyday phenomena. However, problem-solving skills in this subject remain a challenge because students tend to apply formulas directly without fully understanding the context of the problem. This situation highlights the need for active, context-based problem-solving learning and the support of targeted representations. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model, supported by Design, Function, and Task (DeFT) e-worksheets, in improving students’ problem-solving skills in static fluid mechanics. This study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest format. The research sample consisted of 33 11th-grade science students at a MAN in Bandung Regency, selected using convenience sampling. Research instruments included an observation sheet for instructional implementation, a problem-solving skills test, and a student response questionnaire. Data were analyzed using implementation percentages, N-Gain, the Wilcoxon test, Cohen’s d effect size, and descriptive percentage analysis. The results showed that the implementation of the PBL syntax achieved an average of 86.72%, falling into the “very good” category. Problem-solving skills improved, with an N-Gain of 0.39 in the “moderate” category. The Wilcoxon test showed that posttest scores were significantly higher than pretest scores (Z = -4.978; p < 0.001), with an effect size of 2.259 in the large category. Student responses fell into the “good” category across all ARCS dimensions. Thus, the implementation of the PBL model supplemented by DeFT e-worksheets demonstrated effectiveness in improving the problem-solving skills of the students in the study group, as evidenced by the increase in N-Gain, the results of the hypothesis testing, and the effect size. Future researchers are recommended to involve a control group and apply the model to broader samples or different physics topics to obtain stronger evidence regarding its effectiveness.
References
Aiken, L.R. (1985). Three coefficients for analyzing the reliability and validity of ratings. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 45(1), 131-142. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164485451012
Ainsworth, S. (2006). DeFT: A conceptual framework for considering learning with multiple representations. Learning and Instruction, 16(3), 183-198. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.03.001
Anggraeni, D.A., Hakim, A., & Sulaeman, N.F. (2023). Problem-solving ability through flipped-problem based learning on elasticity materials for high school student. Kasuari: Physics Education Journal, 6(1), 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v6i1.367
Arends, R.I. (2012). Learning to Teach (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Ate, O., Parno, P., & Munfaridah, N. (2025). Multirepresentation in physics learning research: A content analysis review of trends, opportunities, and challenges. Journal of Science Education Research, 9(1), 32-42. doi:https://doi.org/10.21831/jser.v9i1.72954
Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan. (2022). Keputusan Kepala Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 009/H/KR/2022 tentang Dimensi, Elemen, dan Subelemen Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Fuadi, H., Gunawan, G., & Susilawati, S. (2022). Feasibility of PBL (Problem Based Learning)-based sound wave electronic student worksheet for high school students using the Liveworksheet application. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(4), 2557-2560. doi:https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i4.1982
Furqon, M., Suharli, A.J., Dani, R., Sirait, J.V., Anggrini, R.P., Harahap, M.C., ... Kiranti, R.D. (2025). Pengembangan e-LKPD berbasis multirepresentasi berbantuan Liveworksheet pada materi Hukum Newton. JIPFRI (Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Fisika dan Riset Ilmiah), 9(2), 152-162. doi:https://doi.org/10.30599/jipfri.v9i2.4853
Hake, R.R. (1998). Interactive-engagement versus traditional methods: A six-thousand-student survey of mechanics test data for introductory physics courses. American Journal of Physics, 66(1), 64-74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1119/1.18809
Keller, J.M. (2010). Motivational Design for Learning and Performance: The ARCS Model Approach. New York, NY: Springer.
Kinasih, R.A., Prahani, B.K., Wibowo, F.C., & Costu, B. (2023). Profile of students’ physics problem solving skills and implementation PBL model assisted by 3D digital module to improve problem solving skills. Jurnal Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Fisika, 9(2), 245-256. doi:https://doi.org/10.21009/1.09207
Loorbach, N., Peters, O., Karreman, J., & Steehouder, M. (2015). Validation of the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) in a self-directed instructional setting aimed at working with technology. British Journal of Educational Technology, 46(1), 204-218. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12138
Maharani, G.S., Saepuzaman, D., & Aviyanti, L. (2025). Penerapan Problem Based Learning dengan flipped classroom terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan self efficacy pada materi fluida statis. Jurnal Kumparan Fisika, 8(3), 77-86. doi:https://doi.org/10.33369/jkf.8.3.77-86
Nenggala, M.P., Razi, P., Hidayati, & Sari, S.Y. (2024). Electronic student worksheet for solving problems in physics material based on problem-based learning. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 14(7), 945-954. doi:https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2024.14.7.2121
Nurhidayah, & Darsikin. (2023). Profil kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa SMA Negeri 2 Tolitoli pada materi fluida statis dan dinamis. JPFT (Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Tadulako Online), 11(1).
Polya, G. (1973). How to Solve It: A New Aspect of Mathematical Method (2nd ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Salatun, N.O., Gustina, G., & Yus’iran, Y. (2025). Pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan e-LKPD Interactive Live Worksheet terhadap keterampilan proses sains peserta didik. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 15(4), 1901-1909. doi:https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v15i4.4069
Scheid, J., Müller, A., Hettmannsperger, R., & Schnotz, W. (2019). Improving learners’ representational coherence ability with experiment-related representational activity tasks. Physical Review Physics Education Research, 15(1), 010142. doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.15.010142
Setiati, N., & Jumadi. (2023). Development of e-worksheet Problem Based Learning model on work and energy to improve students’ physical cognitive abilities in terms of mathematical representations and verbal representations. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(1), 93-98. doi:https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i1.1757
Wijaya, T.P., Mundilarto, & Wilujeng, I. (2024). Development of Problem Based Learning Collaborative (PBL-C) physics e-worksheet to improve student problem solving and collaboration skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(1), 47-54. doi:https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i1.5284
Wulandari, R. (2022). Penggunaan LKPD Berbasis Design, Function, and Task (DeFT) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Representasi Peserta Didik pada Materi Statika (Skripsi tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia.
Yutia, N., Yusnaidar, & Hasibuan, M.H.E. (2023). Development of electronic student worksheets with a scientific approach to static fluids material to improve critical thinking skills of SMAN 9 Merangin students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(10), 8383-8389. doi:https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.5291
