Rekonstruksi Konsep Keberlanjutan dalam Perhutanan Sosial: Perspektif Etika Ekosentris
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v7i2.1857Keywords:
Social Forestry, Sustainability, Ecocentric Ethic, Forest Governance, Ecological Justice.Abstract
Forest sustainability in Indonesia faces significant challenges, including deforestation, forest degradation, and tenure conflicts. Although social forestry has been promoted as a policy instrument to balance ecological protection and community welfare, its implementation remain largely dominated by an anthropocentric paradigm that treats forest primarily as economic resources. As a result, sustainability is often interpreted narrowly and fails to adequately address broader ecological and social concerns. Moreover, studies examining social forestry through an ecocentric ethical perspective remain limited, indicating a conceptual gap in developing more holistic forest management models.This Study aims to reconstruct the concept of sustainability in social forestry based on an ecocentric ethical perspective and to explore its policy implications. A narrative literature review with a conceptual approach was employed, analyzing relevant publications form 2015 to 2025. The finding reinforce the core argument: achieving sustainability in social forestry requires an ecocentric shift that recognizes forests’ intrinsic value. This new framework integrates ecological and cultural capacity indicators, incorporates intrinsic value in licensing, and strengthens participatory governance with ecological justice. This study contributes a novel conceptual framework that is both integrative and operational for advancing more equitable, adaptive, and sustainable social forestry practices.
References
Adib, M., Hendrawati, L. D., & Santoso, P. (2024). Kolaborasi yang inklusif: Membangun kemitraan yang setara dalam perhutanan sosial. In I. R. M. Anwari (Ed.), Menjaga tradisi membangun identitas: Narasi budaya di era digital (pp. 58–72). PT. Pustaka Saga Jawadwipa.
Al-Fatih, S., Mirielle, C. Y., Qutieshat, E., Kelechi, U., & Kholmamatovich, N. O. (2026). Questioning ecological justice in Indonesian forestry regulations. Contrarius, 2(3), 226–246. https://doi.org/10.53955/contrarius.v2i3.295
Anggraeni, D., & Amrullah, M. K. (2023). Promoting the urgency of restorative justice to environmental law enforcement officials through civic engagement education. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 42(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v42i1.56292
Anshori, M. W., Syahrier, F. A., Ahmad, Z. H., Pratama, G., Sazeta, M., & Romadhon, A. (2025). Penyelesaian konflik agraria dengan skema hutan kemasyarakatan di kecamatan bukit kapur. Jurnal Administrasi Politik Dan Sosial, 6(2), 247–261. https://doi.org/10.46730/japs.v6i2.273
Ariesna, Y. D., Baderan, D. W. K., & Hamidun, M. S. (2025). Analisis dampak sosial dan lingkungan dari konflik tenurial di kawasan hutan Kecamatan Popayato. Konstruksi Publikasi Ilmu Teknik Perencanaan Tata Ruang Dan Teknik Sipil, 3(3), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.61132/konstruksi.v3i3.853
Arsyad, M., Koeswаhyono, I., & Qurbani, I. D. (2025). Reformulating conservation policies for indigenous peoples in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic Education Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM), 7(2), 829–847. https://doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v7i2.489
Azizah, S. N., Priyanta, M., & Astriani, N. (2024). Konsep kemitraan kehutanan dalam pengaturan program perhutanan sosial di kabupaten cianjur untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Media Bina Ilmiah, 18(6), 1443–1456. https://doi.org/10.33758/mbi.v18i6.544
Blanco, J., Ollivier, G., Alignier, A., Aviron, S., Sirami, C., Kernéïs, É., Durant, D., & Sabatier, R. (2021). How ecological research on human-dominated ecosystems incorporates agricultural and forestry practices: A literature analysis. AMBIO, 51(5), 1143–1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-021-01664-1
Budi, B., Harteti, G. S., & Kusdamayanti. (2025). Keberlanjutan pengelolaan hutan negara oleh masyarakat melalui perhutanan sosial. Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Sumber Daya Manusia Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.
Brown, E. D., & Williams, B. K. (2016). Ecological integrity assessment as a metric of biodiversity: are we measuring what we say we are? Biodiversity and Conservation, 25(6), 1011–1035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-016-1111-0
Chandra, F. (2025). Pengelolaan kehutanan berbasis masyarakat hukum adat dalam kerangka konstitusi hijau di Indonesia. Adagium., 3(1), 104–119. https://doi.org/10.70308/adagium.v3i1.67
Cholil, A. I. (2026). Pengakuan hak masyarakat adat dalam pengelolaan hutan berdasarkan Putusan MK No. 35/PUU-X/2012 perspektif hifz al-bi’ah (Skripsi). Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta.
Ekowati, E., & Muamar. (2022). Gender responsive social forestry policy: A case study of laws and regulations in the social forestry sector and the granting of social forestry permits. Jurnal Perempuan, 27(1), 43–55.
Farid, A. M., Fahreza, F. A., Prasetyo, D. P. C., & Firmansyah, S. H. (2022). Perhutanan sosial sebagai alternatif solusi meminimalisasi deforestasi di Kulonprogo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Bina Hukum Lingkungan, 7(1), 130–149. https://doi.org/10.24970/bhl.v7i1.305
Fatristya, L. G. I., & Sjah, T. (2025). Literature review Harmoni Alam: Implementasi Prinsip Keseimbangan dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Geologi Dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal), 6(1), 603–609. https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v6i1.619
Gusliana, H. B., Hanifah, M., & Andrikasmi, S. (2022). Pengelolaan perhutanan sosial berkelanjutan berdasarkan nilai-nilai kearifan ekologis di Provinsi Riau. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 11(2), 105–122. https://doi.org/10.30652/jih.v11i2.8315
Harly, L. (2023). Sustainable forest management from the perspective of customary law in indonesia: A case study in the bayan community. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 32–42. https://doi.org/10.55681/ijssh.v1i1.324
Herutomo, Ch., & Istiyanto, S. B. (2021). Komunikasi lingkungan dalam mengembangkan kelestarian hutan. Wacana: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.32509/wacana.v20i1.1165
Houballah, M., Cordonnier, T., & Mathias, J. (2022). Maintaining or building roads? an adaptive management approach for preserving forest multi-functionality. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4249557
Hudha, A. M., Husamah, H., & Rahardjanto, A. (2019). Etika lingkungan (teori dan praktik pembelajarannya). Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Press
Indriana, I., Hermon, D., Hermon, D., Fatimah, S., Wilis, R., & Rohani, St. (2025). Kehutanan dan pembangunan berkelanjutan: menyusun strategi ntuk menghadapi tantangan lingkungan global. Journal of Innovative and Creativity (Joecy), 5(2), 7389–7394. https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i2.1313
Isnandar, A., Absori, S. H., & Harun, S. (2021). Kebijakan konservasi sumber daya hutan berbasis kearifan lokal di Kabupaten Wonogiri. UMS Library Center of Academic Activities (Universitas Surakarta).
Johannsen, K. (2020). Wild Animal Ethics: The Moral and Political Problem of Wild Animal Suffering. Routledge.
Mangaraj, A. (2023). Decrease of forest and its impact on villages around Simlipal National Park. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 11(7), 262–268. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54578
Morrell, K., & Dahlmann, F. (2022). Aristotle in the Anthropocene: The comparative benefits of Aristotelian virtue ethics over utilitarianism and deontology. The Anthropocene Review, 10(3), 615–635. https://doi.org/10.1177/20530196221105093
Mukti, H., & Sobirov, B. B. (2023). Environmental justice at the environmental regulation in Indonesia and Uzbekistan. Journal of Human Rights Culture and Legal System, 3(3), 476–512. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v3i3.171
Mulyana, M., & Moeis, J. P. (2022). Dampak program perhutanan sosial terhadap pertumbuhan usaha dan deforestasi: Bukti empiris dari Indonesia. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Sumberdaya Dan Lingkungan, 11(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.22437/jels.v11i1.18124
Nusi, A., Junus, N., & Bakung, D. A. (2025). Transformasi hutan adat menjadi hutan lindung (konflik kepemilikan dan keadilan sosial di Desa Barakati, Gorontalo). SINERGI Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 2(1), 217–230. https://doi.org/10.62335/x4hm8q48
Pambudi, A. S. (2021). A reflection on the management of natural resources and the environmentin indonesia. Academia Letters. https://doi.org/10.20935/al1789
Pambudi, A. S. (2023). Capaian, tantangan implementasi, dan rekomendasi kebijakan perhutanan sosial di Indonesia. Jurnal Kebijakan Pemerintahan, 74–94. https://doi.org/10.33701/jkp.v6i2.3551
Pane, E., & Yanis, A. M. (2024). Environmental Ethics in Islam: Balancing Rights and Ecological Justice in Forest Management. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i2.14963
Pane, E., Yanis, A. M., & Susanto, I. (2021). Social forestry: The balance between welfare and ecological justice. International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 10, 71–78. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.10
Pratama, D. M., Pratiwi, D., & Lestari, N. O. (2025). Konflik agraria dan keadilan ekologis: tinjauan hukum atas hak masyarakat adat terhadap tanah ulayat. Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice, 3(2), 10–10. https://doi.org/10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.5248
Putri, F. U., Arimas, N. W. E., Peanasari, A. R. I., & Yuliaty, F. (2025). Pengelolaan berbasis kearifan lokal dalam menjaga keberlanjutan hutan adat Kalimantan. Prosiding Seminar Sosial Politik Bisnis Akuntansi Dan Teknik, 6, 251–257. https://doi.org/10.32897/sobat.2024.6.1.4189
Rahayu, S., Sakuntaladewi, N., Sumirat, B. K., Widyaningsih, T. S., Yusnikusumah, T. R., Muin, N., & Bisjoe, A. R. H. (2024). The role of local governments in supporting social forestry implementation in Indonesia: A social network analysis and evidence from Eastern Indonesia. Forest and Society, 8(1), 154–178. https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v8i1.28524
Sahsilawane, J. F. (2025). Sustainable forest management strategy based on the local wisdom of indigenous communities. https://doi.org/10.62207
Santika, L., & Sarjan, M. (2025). Dimensi filsafat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam: kajian peran manusia dalam menjaga keseimbangan lingkungan. Lambda Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA Dan Aplikasinya, 5(1), 54–60. https://doi.org/10.58218/lambda.v5i1.1205
Saputra, H. Y., Syah, N., & Azhar, A. (2025). Penerapan prinsip etika lingkungan pada kebijakan pembangunan berkelanjutan: studi literatur. RIGGS Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business, 4(3), 2972–2979. https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i3.2372
Soedarto, T., & Sahbuddin. (2025). quantifying sustainability trade-offs in forest licensing (IPPKH): A multi-criteria analysis of ecological, social, and economic outcomes. Tarjih Agribusiness Development Journal, 5(1), 218–227. https://doi.org/10.47030/tadj.v5i01.982
Subarno, S., Nafitri, D., Sileuw, A., Supriyanto, B., Veriasa, T. O., & Iskandar, H. (2025). Perhutanan sosial untuk perdagangan karbon: kondisi pemungkin untuk akses masyarakat terhadap nilai ekonomi karbon. Policy Brief Pertanian Kelautan Dan Biosains Tropika, 7(2), 1260–1266. https://doi.org/10.29244/agro-maritim.0702.1260-1266
Sumarmi, S., Bachri, S., Mutia, T., Yustesia, A., Fathoni, M. N., Muthi, M. A., & Nuraini, S. G. (2020). The deep ecology persepective of awig-awig: local tribal forest preservation laws in Tenganan cultural village, Indonesia. Journal of ustainability Science and Management, 15(8), 102–113. https://doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2020.12.009
Supriyadi, S., Dewi, G., Nurmadiah, N., & Satria, M. (2025). Rekonstruksi kebijakan perhutanan sosial dalam pengelolaan hutan. Empiricism Journal, 6(3), 943–952. https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v6i3.3406
Surono, A., Sadino, Abdullah, Z., Iriantoro, A., Hamid, A., & Hidayati, M. N. (2025). Implementasi Penertiban Kawasan Hutan dan Tantangan Keadilan Sosial Ekologis di Indonesia Pasca Perpres No. 5 Tahun 2025. JIM Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah, 10(4), 55–69. https://doi.org/10.24815/sejarah.v10i4.52
Syafril, R., Efrina, R., Dewi, S., & Sasmiarti, S. (2025). Integrative environmental governance strategy: Harmonising AMDAL, customary law, and economic incentives to strengthen local wisdom in West Sumatra. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 1556(1), 12087–12087. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1556/1/012087
Wongkar, E. E. L. T. (2021). Achieving the nationally determined contribution (NDC) through social forestry: Challenges for Indonesia. IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 5(1), 17–32. https://doi.org/10.22146/ikat.v5i1.64974
