Pengembangan Media Augmented Reality (AR) Berbasis STEM untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dalam Pembelajaran IPA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v6i4.1554Keywords:
Augmented Reality; STEM; Critical Thinking; Science Learning; Learning MediaAbstract
This study aims to develop an Augmented Reality (AR)–based STEM learning media and examine its validity and effectiveness in improving students’ critical thinking skills in science learning. The research employed a 4D type Research and Development (R&D) model consisting of the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages, with expert validation, pretest–posttest assessments, N-Gain analysis, and teacher–student response questionnaires used as data collection instruments. The results and discussion indicate that the developed media is highly feasible, obtaining an average expert validation score of 3.5 and an Aiken’s V value of 0.83, and is effective in enhancing critical thinking skills, as shown by an increase in students’ scores from 57.5 to 94.4 and an N-Gain value of 0.38 categorized as moderate. The study concludes that the AR-based STEM media is valid, well-received, and sufficiently effective for science learning to support the improvement of students’ critical thinking skills.
References
Alfitriani, N., Maula, W. A., & Hadiapurwa, A. (2021). Penggunaan Media Augmented Reality dalam Pembelajaran Mengenal Bentuk Rupa Bumi. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 38(1), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpp.v38i1.30698
Camara, O. S., Nisi, V., & Romão, T. (2024). Augmented reality interactive experiences for multi-level chemistry understanding. In International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction (Vol. 42). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2024.100681
Diharjo, R. F., Budijanto, & Utomo, D. H. (2017). Pentingnya Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Siswa dalam Paradigma Pembelajaran Konstruktivistik. Prosiding TEP & PDs, 4(39), 445–449. http://pasca.um.ac.id/conferences/index.php/sntepnpdas/article/view/899/571
Ennis, R. H. (2011). The Nature of Critical Thinking: An Outline of Critical Thinking Dispositions and Abilities. https://education.illinois.edu/docs/default-source/faculty-documents/robert-ennis/thenatureofcriticalthinking_51711_000.pdf
Ervina, A., Suharto, Y., & Rahmawati, R. (2023). Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas X. Journal of Geographical Sciences and Education, 1(2), 64–78. https://doi.org/10.69606/geography.v1i2.60
Fakhriyah, F. (2014). Penerapan problem based learning dalam upaya mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 3(1), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v3i1.2906
Hidayat, Y., Sabarudin, S., & Mawardi, A. C. (2025). Augmented Reality (AR) Sebagai Media Interaktif Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Di UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Mahira: Journal of Arabic Studies & Teaching, 3(2), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.14421/mahira.2025.32.04
Hikmandayani, Ahmad, M., Syarif, S., Budu, Idris, I., & Stang. (2021). Learning media based on augmented reality (AR) increased the skill of physical examination of the integumentary system of pregnant women in midwifery students. Gaceta Sanitaria, 35, S302–S305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.040
Intania, S., Wibowo, T., & Yuzianah, D. (2023). Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Literasi Numerasi. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi, 5(1), 434–440. https://doi.org/10.55338/saintek.v5i1.1614
Jonassen, D. H. (2011). Learning to Solve Problems A Handbook for Designing Problem Solving Learning Environments. Routledge.
Lailaningrum, D., & Sulastri Rini Rindrayani. (2025). Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Dengan Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Menggunakan Aplikasi Assemblr EDU. JIIPSI: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Indonesia, 5(2), 190–203. https://doi.org/10.21154/jiipsi.v5i2.4902
Mansur, M., & Salim, A. (2018). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (Pbl) Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Ipa-Fisika Siswa Kelas Viic SMP Negeri 1 Ternate. 3(1).
Marudut, M. R. H., Bachtiar, I. G., Kadir, K., & Iasha, V. (2020). Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dalam Pembelajaran IPA melalui Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses. Jurnal Basicedu, 4(3), 577–585. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v4i3.401
Pramesti, A. P., & Olivia, S. O. (2024). Virtual Reality Dan Augmented Reality Dalam Arsitektur Digital. JoDA Journal of Digital Architecture, 3(1), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.24167/joda.v3i1.12648
Ramadhani, W. P. (2025). Eksplorasi Kemampuan Berpikir Geometri Siswa Sd Melalui Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Augmented Reality Berdasarkan Teori Van Hiele. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Unpatti, 6(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.30598/jpmunpatti.v6.i1.p34-42
Rosida, F. A., & Nuvitalia, D. (2024). Analisis Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Pada Pembelajaran IPAS Kelas IV SDN Gayamsari 02 Semarang. INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research, 7954–7963.
Roviati, E., & Widodo, A. (2019). Kontribusi Argumentasi Ilmiah dalam Pengembangan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis. Titian Ilmu: Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Sciences, 11(2), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.30599/jti.v11i2.454
Supriadi, P., Rhamadani, S. R., Haedi, S. U., & Chusni, M. M. (2022). Inovasi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi Artificial Intelligence dalam Pendidikan di era industry 4.0 dan society 5.0. Jurnal Penelitian Sains Dan Pendidikan (JPSP), 2(2), 192–198. https://doi.org/10.23971/jpsp.v2i2.4036
Suraya, S., Setiadi, A. E., & Muldayanti, N. D. (2019). Argumentasi Ilmiah Dan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Melalui Metode Debat. Edusains, 11(2), 233–241. https://doi.org/10.15408/es.v11i2.10479
Sweller, J., Ayres, P., & Kalyuga, S. (2011). Cognitive Load Theory. Springer Publisher.
Swisnandya, I. G. A. M., Mertayasa, I. N. E., & Wiradika, I. N. I. (2025). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Augmented Reality Informatika Pada Elemen Sistem Komputer Untuk Siswa Di SMP NEGERI 1 SERIRIT. Kumpulan Artikel Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Informatika (KARMAPATI), 14(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.23887/karmapati.v14i1.92211
Taljaard, J. (2016). Machine Translated by Google Tinjauan teknologi multi-sensorik dalam Sains , Teknologi , Teknik , Seni dan Matematika (STEAM) kelas Perkenalan. 2, 46–55.
Thiagarajan, S. (1974). Instructional Development for Training Teachers of Exceptional Children: A Sourcebook. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:148925881
Yuniarti, A., Safarini, F., Rahmadia, I., Putri, S., & Biologi, P. (2023). Media Konvensional Dan Media Digital Dalam Pembelajaran. Jurnal Education And Technology (JUTECH), 4(2), 2023.
Zahara, S. L., Azkia, Z. U., & Chusni, M. M. (2023). Implementasi Teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Bidang Pendidikan. Jurnal Penelitian Sains Dan Pendidikan (JPSP), 3(1), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.23971/jpsp.v3i1.4022
